机构地区: 广东省农业科学院
出 处: 《动物营养学报》 2014年第6期1453-1466,共14页
摘 要: 本试验旨在研究饲粮粗蛋白质水平对22~42日龄和43~63日龄2个阶段黄羽肉鸡生长性能、胴体品质、蛋白质沉积率和血液生化指标的影响,探讨快大型黄羽肉鸡饲养中、后期的粗蛋白质营养需要量。选用22、43日龄岭南黄羽肉鸡各1 600只,每阶段采用2(性别)×5(粗蛋白质水平)因子试验设计,共设10个组,每组4个重复,每重复40只鸡。22~42日龄各组饲粮粗蛋白质水平分别为16.0%、17.5%、19.0%、20.5%、22.0%,43~63日龄各组粗蛋白质水平分别为14.0%、15.5%、17.0%、18.5%、20.0%,每阶段试验期均为21 d。结果表明,22~42日龄:1)饲粮粗蛋白质水平显著影响母鸡平均日采食量、公鸡平均日增重和料重比(P〈0.05);2)饲粮粗蛋白质水平对公、母鸡腹脂率、胸肌率、腿肌率有显著(P〈0.05)或极显著(P〈0.01)影响;3)饲粮粗蛋白质水平对公、母鸡血清胆固醇、甘油三酯和尿酸含量及蛋白质沉积率也有显著(P〈0.05)或极显著(P〈0.01)影响。43~63日龄:1)饲粮粗蛋白质水平对公、母鸡平均日采食量、平均日增重、粗蛋白质摄入量以及公鸡料重比有极显著影响(P〈0.01);2)饲粮粗蛋白质水平不同,各组间公鸡胴体品质(腹脂率、胸肌率、腿肌率)差异显著(P〈0.05),母鸡腿肌率差异极显著(P〈0.01);3)饲粮粗蛋白质水平对公、母鸡蛋白质沉积率有极显著影响(P〈0.01),对血清胆固醇、甘油三酯和尿酸含量也有显著(P〈0.05)或极显著(P〈0.01)影响。综合所有数据及回归分析结果,22~42日龄母鸡推荐粗蛋白质水平为19.00%~19.23%,公鸡推荐粗蛋白质水平为19.00%~19.41%;43~63日龄母鸡推荐粗蛋白质水平为17.00%~17.28%,公鸡推荐粗蛋白质水平为17.00%~18.50%。 This experiment was conducted to investigate dietary crude protein (CP) level on growth performance, carcass quality, rate of protein retention and blood biochemical indices in broilers aged from 22 to 42 and 43 to 63 days of age. For both the earlier and later phases, a factorial arrangement was used to assess effects of sex (equal numbers of each) and CP level (16.0%, 17.5%, 19.0%, 20.5% and 22.0% for 21 to 42 days of age; 14.0%, 15.5%, 17.0%, 18.5% and 20.0% for 43 to 63 days of age). The experiment involved 4 replicates of 40 chickens of each sex and CP level in each growth phase (a total of 3 200 birds). Birds from each replicate was blood sampled and slaughtered to determine effects of CP on blood indices and carcass composition. The corn-soybean meal diets were formulated with different level corn, soybean meal and palm oil to make the 10 diets. The results showed as follows: at 22 to 42 days of age, 1) dietary CP levels significantly affected average daily feed intake (ADFI) of female broilers, average daily gain (ADG) and feed/gain (F/G) of male broilers (P〈0.05); 2) dietary CP levels significantly affected the percentages of thigh muscle, abdominal fat and breast muscle of both sexes (P〈0.05 or P〈0.01); 3) dietary CP levels significantly influenced the content of triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO), uric acid (UA) in serum and CP deposition of both sexes (P〈0.05 or P〈0.01). At 43 to 63 days of age, 1) dietary CP levels significantly influenced ADFI, ADG and CP intake of both sexes, and F/G of the males (P〈0.01); 2) there was a striking effect of dietary CP levels on carcass quality (the percentages of thigh muscle, abdominal fat and breast muscle) of males (P〈0.05), and also significantly influenced thigh muscle percentage of females(P〈0.01); 3) dietary CP levels significantly affected rate of protein deposition (P〈0.05) and the contents of TG, CHO and UA in both sexes (P〈0.05 or P〈0.01). In