作　　者： ; ; ; ; (陆春哲）;

机构地区： 天津大学环境科学与工程学院

出　　处： 《环境污染与防治》 2014年第6期8-12,19,共6页

摘　　要： 从处理甲苯的高温、常温生物过滤塔中筛选获得嗜热菌(55℃)和常温菌(30℃),并系统比较了它们在形态特征、甲苯去除性能和生长特性方面的区别。结果表明,嗜热菌和常温菌在大小、形状、边缘、光泽、质地、颜色和透明程度等方面均有显著不同;嗜热菌的甲苯去除率达到55.56%,常温菌的甲苯去除率达到95.83%。但常温菌在甲苯降解过程存在明显的适应期(约50h),而嗜热菌则能快速启动对甲苯的降解;常温菌和嗜热菌降解甲苯的最适pH分别为6和8;嗜热菌和常温菌的比增殖速率随着甲苯初始浓度的增加而上升,对两者产生抑制作用的甲苯初始质量浓度分别为10 000、8 000mg/m3,嗜热菌更适用于高浓度甲苯的治理;嗜热菌和常温菌的生长特性符合Haldane模型,最大比增殖速率分别为0.048、0.076d-1。 Thermophilic and mesophilie toluene-degrading strains were isolated from a thermophilie and mesophilic biofilter for treating toluene. The morphological,growth and degradation characteristics of the isolated strains were examined in this study. The experimental results showed that the thermophilic （55 ℃） and mesophilic （30 ℃） bacteria presented different morphological characteristics on size, shape, border, color, quantity and transparency. The removal efficiencies of toluene by thermophilic bacteria could reach 55.56%, while 95.83 % of toluene removed by mesophilic bacteria. However,the mesophilic bacteria showed an apparent lag phase during the degradation process. The optimal pH for thermophilic and mesophilic bacteria was 8 and 6 ,respectively. Both growth rates of thermophilic and mesophilic bacteria increased with the increase of initial toluene concentrations at first, however further increase in toluene concentrations would lead to substrate inhibition effects. The threshold of toluene concentrations for thermophilie and mesophilic bacteria were 10 000 and 8 000 mg/m^3 ,respectively. The growth process of the isolated mesophilic and thermophilic bacteria fit the Haldane model well. And the corresponding maximum growth rates could achieve as high as 0. 048,0. 076 d^-1.

关 键 词： 挥发性有机物 甲苯 嗜热菌 降解特性 比增殖速率 基质抑制

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]