作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所

出　　处： 《水生态学杂志》 2014年第3期61-65,共5页

摘　　要： 利用静水清滤法研究了盐度与温度对大珠母贝(Pinctada maxima)和合浦珠母贝(Pinctada fucata)稚贝滤水率及摄食率的影响。试验分为4组,大1组:大珠母贝壳长(1.02±0.07)cm,大2组:大珠母贝壳长(2.94±0.17)cm;合1组:合浦珠母贝壳长(1.15±0.21)cm、合2组:合浦珠母贝壳长(3.08±0.36)cm。结果表明,随着盐度或温度的增加,4个组的滤水率和摄食率均先升高,到达最大值后又降低;其中,大1组在盐度27有最大滤水率(0.274±0.079)L/h,合1组在盐度30有最大滤水率(0.325±0.011)L/h,二者无显著性差异(P>0.05),大2组与合2组均在盐度33时有最大滤水率,分别为(0.660±0.027)L/h和(0.329±0.021)L/h,二者有显著性差异(P<0.05)。大珠母贝稚贝在盐度30时摄食率最大,合浦珠母贝在盐度33时摄食率最大,二者有显著性差异(P<0.05)。2种稚贝在26℃时,滤水率和摄食率达到最大值,二者的最大滤水率和最大摄食率之间均有显著性差异(P<0.05);随着贝体生长,大珠母贝的滤水率和摄食率显著高于合浦珠母贝,因此饵料需求量也更大;饵料不足可能是大珠母贝稚贝死亡的重要因素。 The influence of salinity and temperature on filtration rate and ingestion rate of juvenile P.maxima and P.fucata was examined with clearance method in a static system .The experiment was conducted among 4 groups of juvenile P.maxima and P.fucata with different shell length, including P.maxima group 1 （1.02 ±0.07） cm, P.maxima group 2 （2.94 ±0.17） cm, P.fucata group 1 （1.15 ±0.21） cm and P.fucata group 2 （3.08 ± 0.36） cm.The results showed that the ingestion rate and filtration rate of the four groups increased to the maxima at first and then decreased with the increase of salinity and temperature .P.maxima group 1 exhibited the maxi-mum filtration rate （0.274 ±0.079） L/h at salinity of 27 and P.fucata group 1 exhibited the maximum filtration rate （0.325 ±0.011） L/h at salinity of 30, without significant difference between them .Both P.maxima group 2 and P.fucata group 2 exhibited the maximum filtration rate at salinity of 33, which were （0.660 ±0.027） L/h and （0.329 ±0.021） L/h, respectively, with significant difference between them （P〈0.05）.The maximum ingestion rate of juvenile P.maxima occurred at salinity of 30, while for juvenile P.fucata at salinity of 33, with significant difference between them （P〈0.05）.Juvenile P.maxima and P.fucata both presented the maximum filtration rate and ingestion rate at the temperature of 26℃, with significant difference in the maximum filtration rates and the maximum ingestion rates （ P〈0 .05 ） .This research showed that the filtration rate and ingestion rate of P.maxima were significantly higher than those of P.fucata, indicating that P.maxima need more food to meet the demand of growth , which suggested the death of P.maxima was probably due to the lack of a larger demand of food in sea area .

关 键 词： 大珠母贝 合浦珠母贝 滤水率 摄食率 盐度 温度

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]