作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 浙江师范大学

出　　处： 《浙江社会科学》 2014年第5期90-97,158-159,共8页

摘　　要： 学者们对男女性别收入差距进行了广泛的研究,对改革前的性别收入差距有着较为一致的看法,但对改革后的性别收入差距存在着争论。本文认为之所以存在争论,原因在于这些研究在分析男女性别收入差距的时候过于强调宏观因素如市场化的作用,忽视了改革过程中部门、行业等结构性差异也是造成男女收入的重要原因。本文通过对1988—2002年间的居民收入调查分析发现,男女性别收入差距不仅在逐步扩大且存在着部门和职业分割。进一步对男女收入差距的分解发现,改革初期1988的男女性别收入差距主要是由结构性因素导致的;1988-1995年这一阶段,男女收入差距的主要解释变量来自于教育;而1995-2002年这一阶段的收入差距主要是在性别歧视上升和结构变量影响之下产生的。男女性别收入差距是市场、性别歧视与结构性变量相互作用的结果。 Scholars have extensively studied the gender income gap,they had a consistent view on the gender income gap before the reform,however they had a debate on the gender income gap after reform. This paper gives the reason of the controversy is that they emphasizing too much on the macroeconomic factors,such as the role of the market,neglecting structural factors such as sector differences and industry factors. Analysis on 15 years income investigation data,this paper finds that gender income gap becomes expansion,and there also exists sector and industry differences between the men and women. Further decomposition of the income gap between men and women shows that in 1988,the early reform stage,gender income gap is mainly caused by the structural variables. In the stage of 1988 to 1995,the incomegap between men and women is mainly from education returning difference. In the stage of 1995 to 2002,income gap mainly comes from discrimination and structural variables. In conclusion,Gender income gap is the result of multifunction of structural variables,the market and sex discrimination.

关 键 词： 收入差距 性别歧视 市场因素 结构性因素

领　　域： [经济管理]