作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 湖南大学机械与运载工程学院

出　　处： 《纳米技术与精密工程》 2014年第3期208-216,共9页

摘　　要： 超高速微主轴是实现微细切削及微细磨削加工技术应用与发展的关键部件.本文设计了一种气动微涡轮驱动、气体静压轴承支承的超高速气动微主轴,理论计算了主要结构参数,仿真研究了其性能变化,优化了结构设计.对研制的样机的转速性能进行了测试,结果表明涡轮轴的残余不平衡严重影响了微主轴的转速,且由于耗气量过大导致空压机难以持续稳定地提供所需气压气流.改进后的样机很好地解决了耗气量过大的问题,但是涡轮轴转子在现有技术条件下还难以进行动平衡,造成微主轴在一阶临界转速,即约120 000 r/min时卡死. Ultra-high speed micro-spindles are key components to achieve the application and develop- ment of micro-cutting and micro-grinding technologies. An ultra-high speed pneumatic micro-spindle powered by an air micro-turbine and supported by aerostatic bearings was designed in this paper. Its main structural parameters were theoretically calculated and performance changes were studied by simulation. On this basis, the structure design was optimized. The micro-spindle prototype was manufactured and its speed was tested. The results show that the speed was significantly influenced by the residue imbalance of turbine shaft and the air compressor did not supply necessary pressure airflow continuously and stably be- cause of too large air consumption of the prototype. The improved prototype solved the problem of too large air consumption satisfactorily. But it was difficult to carry out dynamic balancing for the turbine shaft with current technology, which resulted in the dead lock of the improved prototype at the first-order critical speed of about 120 000 r/min.

关 键 词： 微主轴 微细切削 气动涡轮 气体静压轴承 仿真优化 临界转速

领　　域： [机械工程]