作　　者： ;

机构地区： 中国人民大学国际关系学院

出　　处： 《江苏行政学院学报》 2014年第3期73-86,共14页

摘　　要： 理解现代中国国家建构的关键,在于厘清政党国家的兴起、兴盛与走势。从历史的角度看,政党国家的兴起,是由于帝制中国内部很难生长出民族国家,需要先知先觉的建国者促成中国的现代国家转型。从理论的角度讲,后发外生的中国现代国家建构,必须借助于一种后发先至的国家建构方式,才足以解除国家建构的窘迫状态。在足以实现后发先至的国家建构方式上,只有政党国家具有优长之处。政党国家借助于高度组织化的力量,将分散的国家建构力量迅速聚集起来,以政党强大的政治意志形成国家的建构意志。在国家建设过程中,这样的国家形态也有促成国家发展奇迹的效用。但政党国家借助政治意志而非法律程序治理国家的定势,不利于国家的稳定和有序。因此,它总是处在迅猛崛起和疾速衰颓的非正常状态,因此需要因势利导,进行政治改革。 The key to understanding the structure of modern Chinese nation-building is to analyze the rise, prosperity and trend of party state. From a historical perspective, the rise of party state is due to the fact that the imperial system in China was unable to give birth to a nation state, so that nation-builders with foresight were needed to realize the transforma- tion towards a modern China. From a theoretical perspective, the Chinese modern nation-building which emerged later and in an outside environment must borrow from the ＂latecomer-arriving-first＂ mode, so as to release the country from nation- building plight. In terms of the models in this manner, only party state is of desired strengths, because it can use highly or- ganized political force to quickly gather together the forces needed to building the nation, and form the nation-building will with strong political will of the party. In the nation-building process, such form of state can also help the nation work won- ders. However, since the party state resorts to political will, rather than legal procedures, it is not conducive to national stability and order. Therefore, it is always in the abnormal condition of rapid rise and rapid fall, which necessitates guid- ance and political reform.

关 键 词： 以党建国 帝制中国 政党国家 先觉后觉 国家兴衰

领　　域： [政治法律]