作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; (袁小琛）;

机构地区： 华中农业大学水产学院农业部淡水生物繁育重点实验室

出　　处： 《水生生物学报》 2014年第2期233-240,共8页

摘　　要： 为探讨饲料蛋白水平对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)生长、饲料利用和氮代谢的影响,以鱼粉和酪蛋白为蛋白源制备蛋白水平分别为15%、20%、25%、30%和35%的5种等能(13.71 kJ/g)饲料饲养草鱼[(209±10)g]8周。结果表明:饲料蛋白水平对草鱼的增重率、特定生长率、饲料效率均影响显著(P<0.05),其中25%蛋白组最高。通过二次多项式的回归分析得出:当饲料蛋白水平为26.50%和27.20%的时候,特定生长率和饲料效率分别达到最高。15%蛋白组的摄食率显著高于其他蛋白组(P<0.05)。蛋白质保留率和蛋白质效率随蛋白水平的升高而显著降低(P<0.05)。各蛋白组的成活率、血清丙氨酸转氨酶活性和血清天冬氨酸转氨酶活性均无显著差异(P>0.05)。血清总蛋白、血清尿素氮、肝脏天冬氨酸转氨酶活性、肝脏谷氨酸脱氢酶活性和肌肉腺苷酸脱氨酶活性随蛋白水平的升高显著增加(P<0.05),而肝脏丙氨酸转氨酶活性先增加后稳定,这表明高蛋白组(30%和35%蛋白组)相对于低蛋白组(15%和20%蛋白组)有较多的蛋白质用于分解代谢提供能量。 The present study was to investigate the effect of dietary protein levels on growth, feed utilization and nitro-gen metabolism of grass carp （Ctenopharyngodon idellus）. Five isoenergetic diets （13.71 kJ/g） were formulated with 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% and 35% protein level. Fish （209 ＆#177; 10 g） were randomly distributed into five groups each with three replicates and were fed twice daily （08：00 and 16：00） to apparent satiation for 8 weeks. The results showed that weight gain and feed utilization were significantly affected by dietary protein levels （P〈0.05）. Fish fed the diet with 25% protein had the highest weight gain, specific growth ratio and feed efficiency ratio than other groups. Protein re-tention efficiency and protein efficiency ratio inversely correlated with dietary protein levels （P〈0.05）. There were no significantly differences on survival, activities of serum alanine aminotransferase and serum aspartate aminotransferase （P〉0.05）. The dietary optimal protein for grass carp from SGR and FER estimated using the second order polynomial regression was ranged from 26.5% to 27.2%. Serum total protein, blood urea nitrogen, the activities of aspartate ami-notransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase in liver and adenosine 5′-monophosphate deaminase in muscle were signifi-cantly increased with the increasing of dietary protein levels （P〈0.05）. This denoted increased catabolism of protein to supply energy with the increasing of dietary protein levels.

关 键 词： 草鱼 蛋白质 生长 饲料利用 氮代谢

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]