作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 广东省农业科学院

出　　处： 《广东农业科学》 2013年第23期79-82,共4页

摘　　要： 为了筛选对不同生长期薇甘菊具有高效安全的除草剂，以常用除草剂41％草甘膦水剂（2250～9000g／hm^2）为对照，利用24％氨氯吡啶酸水剂（1125～3375ml/hm^2）、48％三氯吡氧乙酸EC（350～6255ml/hm^2）、75％二氯吡啶酸可溶性粒剂（134～240g／hm^2）和20％氯氟吡氧乙酸乳油（750～1050ml/hm^2）4种吡啶类除草剂对苗期、生长中期、成株期薇甘菊进行防除试验。防除试验完成后，将豆角、菜心、青瓜3种作物种植在喷施过4种药剂的土壤上观察其生长发育状况，以确定有无残留药害发生。结果表明，供试的4种除草剂中氨氯吡啶酸、三氯吡氧乙酸和氯氟吡氧乙酸对薇甘菊均具有良好的防效，对薇甘菊的株（盖度）防效和鲜重防效均可达到90％以上。其中氨氯吡啶酸和三氯吡氧乙酸对薇甘菊苗期、生长中期的防效与草甘膦相近，对成株期薇甘菊防效稍优于草甘膦。在喷施过氨氯吡啶酸的土壤上，豆角、菜心、青瓜均出现畸形，其他处理无异常变化。氨氯吡啶酸、三氯吡氧乙酸对薇甘菊具有良好的防除效果，在一定的生境中可代替草甘膦。由于氨氯吡啶酸在土壤中残留期较长，因而其应在农区慎用。 In order to select effective and secure herbicide to control mikania Micrantha at different growth stages of M. micrantha, four pyridine herbicides, 24% picloram AS （1 125-3 375 mL/hm2）, 48% triclopyr EC （3 750-6 255 mL/hm2）, 75% clopyralid SGX （134-240 g/hm2） and 20% fluroxypyr EC （750-1 050 mL/hm2） was tested for the effectiveness to control M. micrantha at seedling stage, middle growth stage and adult stage with the control of 41% glyphosate AS （2 250- 9 000 g/hm2）. After the test, the beans, cabbage, cucumber was planted in the soil sprayed four pesticides and observed their growth status to determine whether the residual damage of four pyridine herbicides occurred. Results showed picloram, triclopyr and fluroxypyr had good control effects on M.micrantha at different growth stages and the stem （or coverage） control effects and fresh weight control effects on M.micrantha of these three herbicides could be more than 90%. The control effects on M. micrantha of picloram and triclopyr were similar with that of glyphosate at seedling stage and middle growth stage and were better than that of glyphosate at adult stage. Picloram and triclopyr have good control effects to M. micrantha and could instead glyphosate in certain habitats. Due to the long residual of picloram in the soil, it should be used in the agricultural area with caution.

关 键 词： 薇甘菊 吡啶类除草剂 防除效果

领　　域： [农业科学]