作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 广东省农业科学院

出　　处： 《作物学报》 2013年第10期1899-1908,共10页

摘　　要： 为探明不同类型高产籼稻的根系形态特征差异及其与产量的关系,以7个目前在华南地区大面积推广应用的主导品种(组合)合美占、桂农占、玉香油占、粤晶丝苗2号、五优308、天优998、天优122为材料,在2010—2011年进行两年盆栽试验,分别考察分蘖盛期、抽穗期及成熟期的单株、单茎及单条不定根形态性状,利用WinRhizo根系分析系统分析抽穗期的根系分枝特征,并计算根系形态特征与产量的相关性。结果表明:(1)杂交籼稻组合各生育时期的单株根数、单株根长、单茎根长及单条根长均显著大于常规籼稻品种;单株和单茎的根体积与干重差异不明显;常规稻单条根质量则普遍高于杂交稻。(2)抽穗期不同级别根的表面积和体积均为不定根>粗分枝根>细分枝根,杂交稻不同级别根的总长度为粗分枝根>不定根>细分枝根,常规稻则为不定根>粗分枝根>细分枝根;杂交稻的分枝根总长度及粗分枝根和细分枝根的长度、表面积、体积都显著大于常规稻;常规稻的平均根直径则显著大于杂交稻。(3)杂交稻与常规稻根系特征的主要差异是单株根数和长度的差异,分蘖数和单条根长度的差异是两者根系特征差异的重要原因。(4)单株不定根数、不定根总长、根干重等12个根系性状分别与产量显著或极显著正相关;单株不定根数和分枝根总表面积分别是影响产量的主要因素。这些结果为水稻根系遗传改良和超高产育种及栽培提供了参考。 Seven inbred and hybrid indica rice cultivars widely planted in recent years in South China were used in pot experiment in 2010–2011,and the root traits including root number,root length,root volume and root dry weight per plant,stem and single adventitious root were investigated at active tillering,heading and maturity stages,meanwhile,characteristics of root branching at heading stage was investigated by WinRhizo system.Furthermore,the correlation between root traits and yield was analyzed.Results were as follows：（1）The number of adventitious roots per plant（NARP）,total length of adventitious roots per plant（TLRP）,total length of adventitious roots per stem（TLRS）and length per adventitious root（LPAR）of the hybrid rice were significantly larger than those of the inbred rice at each stage.Volume of roots per plant（VRPP）,volume of roots per stem（VRPS）,dry weight of roots per plant（DWRP）and dry weight of roots per stem（DWRS）showed no significant difference between hybrid rice and inbred rice.However,the root quality such as volume per adventitious root（VPAR）,dry weight per adventitious root（DWAR）and dry weight per unit length of root（DWPL）of inbred rice was better than that of hybrid rice.（2）The total surface area and volume of branched roots at heading stage were adventitious root coarse branched root fine branched root with significant difference.Total root length of hybrid rice was coarse branched roots adventitious roots fine branched roots,and that of inbred rice was adventitious roots coarse branched roots fine branched roots.Moreover,the total length of branched roots,total length,surface area,volume of coarse branched roots and fine branched roots of hybrid rice were very significantly higher than those of inbred rice.But the average root diameter of inbred rice was very significantly higher than that of hybrid rice.（3）The difference of root characteristics between hybrid rice and inbred rice was mainly come from number of adventitious roots per pl

关 键 词： 华南 籼稻 根系性状 产量

领　　域： [农业科学]