作　　者： ;

机构地区： 中山大学地理科学与规划学院城市与区域研究中心

出　　处： 《热带地理》 2000年第3期195-198,共4页

摘　　要： 农村剩余劳动力外出是我国人多地少、以农业为主要经济部门地区的普遍现象。在经济发展水平较高地区 ,又有欠发达区农村劳动力的补偿性流入及妇女的婚姻迁入。文中以对劳动力外出和妇女的婚姻迁入都极为活跃的高州市的实际调查为例 ,分析自然资源条件和经济结构对人口迁移的影响。 Many densely populated agricultural areas in China are sending out surplus labor and at the same time attracting female marriage migrants from less developed rural areas. Gaozhou, in western Guangdong, is rather typical of such areaes. During the two weeks before the Spring Festival in 1999, a questionnaire survey in two villages in Gaozhou was conducted , in order to investigate the relationships among natural resources, economic development and population migration. Gaozhou is one of the top 100 agricultural counties/cities and “the number one fruit producing county/city” in China, and has the highest gross output value of agriculture in Guangdong. But approximately one-third of Gaozhou's rural labor has migrated to work in nonagricultural sectors elsewhere; and in Genzi Town, where our surveyed villages are located, over one-third of the rural labor has out-migrated. At the same time, female marriage migrants are represented by about one-fifth of all households in Genzi. In our field site, among the 75 households we interviewed, approximately 40% of persons ages 20-50 have out-migrated, and about one-quarter of interviewed households have female marriage migrants from other provinces. Women and older villagers provide the bulk of the labor for cultivation and fruit production, the main sources of income in the two villages. It is considered that employment is the key to understanding the relationship between economic development and migration. In order to boost employment and increase and stabilize income, Gaozhou and similar areas should increase the intensity of agricultural land use, develop nonagricultural sectors, optimize the scale of agricultural production, and coordinate efforts toward urbanization. In the near future, however, population pressure and regional inequality will continue to induce labor out-migration and female marriage in-migration.

关 键 词： 经济发展 人口迁移 劳动力外出 高州市 农业区

领　　域： [经济管理]