作　　者： ;

机构地区： 广东商学院

出　　处： 《世界经济研究》 2013年第9期81-86,89,共6页

摘　　要： 战后日本人口总量的变化和结构的转变对经济增长产生了深刻的影响。日本的人口结构已进入到低出生率、低死亡率和低自然增长率阶段,这将进一步加速日本人口老龄化的进程,从而影响劳动力供应、社会保障、产业结构和消费领域等方面。近年来,日本采取了一系列包括延长退休年龄、提高生育率、大力发展科技、提升人口素质以及制度创新等措施,以缓解人口结构变化对社会经济增长造成的不利影响。这些措施不仅对日本经济社会的发展产生了一定的积极作用,而且对于正面临人口红利减少和转变经济增长方式的中国来说,也具有重要的借鉴意义。 Changes of Japan's total population and the structure since the World War Ⅱ has had a profound impact on economic growth.Japan's population structure has entered a phase marked by low birth rate,low mortality and low natural growth rate.This will accelerate the aging process of Japan's population,which will affect its labor supply,social security,industrial structure and consumption.Japan in recent years has adopted a series of measures,including prolonging the retirement age,increasing the birth rate,developing science and technology,improving the quality of the population,and having institutional reforms.All these aims at mitigating the adverse effects of changes in population structure on the socio-economic growth.These measures not only have a positive effect on the economic and social development in Japan,but also underlie messages for China on how to deal with the demographic dividend reduction and sustained economic growth.

关 键 词： 日本 人口红利 经济增长 人口结构

领　　域： [经济管理] [经济管理]