作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 中国海洋大学水产学院

出　　处： 《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》 2013年第8期24-30,48,共8页

摘　　要： 在8～24℃范围内,以青色系仿刺参((5.39±0.09)g)(Apostichopus japonicus)作为对照,研究温度对红色系((5.62±0.12)g)生长及能量收支的影响。结果表明,温度极显著影响2种色系仿刺参生长和能量分配模式(P<0.01)。16℃时仿刺参生长最快,随着水温的升高或降低,生长速度减缓。青色系仿刺参的生长在8℃时显著较红色系快(P<0.05),其余各温度下,青色系仿刺参生长速度和红色系较接近(P>0.05)。在8℃时,青色系仿刺参的生长速度(SGR)和摄食率(FI)显著高于红色系(P<0.05)。这表明,与红色系仿刺参相比,青色系对低温的适应能力更强。高温下(20、24℃),红色系仿刺参的生长略快于青色系(P>0.05)。实验水温范围内,2种色系仿刺参的耗氧率(Oxygen consumptionrate,OCR)与温度呈倒钟形关系,16℃时OCR最低,随着温度的升高或降低耗氧率增加。16℃,时仿刺参能量分配模式,用于生长能、排便能、排泄能、呼吸能的比例分别为6%、48%、4%和42%。红色系仿刺参用于生长能的比例占总能量比例较低,而90%的能量以粪便损失和用于自身代谢。16℃时红色系仿刺参用于生长能的比例(G/C)最高(6%),温度升高或降低时,仿刺参用于生长能的比例都会降低。从提高能量利用效率(G/C)和饵料转化效率(FCE)来看,适宜红色系仿刺参生长的水温为16～20℃。 To investigate the effect of temperature on the growth, food intake, food conversion and en- ergy budget of red and green variant of Apostichopus japonicus, juvenile sea cucumber （initial body weight red variant （5.62±0. 12）g, green variant （5.39±0. 09）g） were cultured at 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 for 60 days. The result showed that temperature significantly affected the growth of both color va- riants （P〈0. 05）. Both variants obtained the maximum specific growth rate （SGR） at a temperature range from 16 to 20℃ （green variant at 15.8℃, red variant at 18. 6℃） due to higher FI and FCE （P〈.05）. Green variant had faster growth rate than red color variant at 8℃ （P〈0.05）, indicating that green variant is more adaptive to slightly lower water temperature. Lower oxygen consumption rate （OCR） at appropriate temperatures was helpful for higher FCE, which also attributed to higher growth rate （P〈0. 05）. At 16℃, red and green variant of A. japonicus deposited very less average energy budget for growth, and the energy loss through feces and energy for respiration accounted for the major- ity of assimilation energy. At 8℃, red variant deposited even minus energy for growth, indicating 〈8℃ is too low for red variant to grow. The result clearly showed that optimum temperature for farming green and red variant of A. japonicus, ranged from 16 to 20℃.

关 键 词： 温度 仿刺参 红色系 青色系 生长 能量分配 耗氧率

领　　域： [生物学]