作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 华南农业大学农学院热带亚热带生态研究所

出　　处： 《生态环境学报》 2013年第5期774-779,共6页

摘　　要： 福寿螺(Pomacea canaliculata)被世界自然保护联盟列入世界100种恶性外来入侵物种黑名单,在我国南方已对水稻生产造成严重危害。为了探索通过水分调控来防治福寿螺的方法,本研究模拟福寿螺野外生存条件,探讨不同干湿交替条件下福寿螺摄食和生长的情况,来分析干旱胁迫对其体重增长率(Weight growth rate,WGR)、摄食率(Feeding rate,FR)、食物转化率(Food conversion ratio,FCR)、特定生长率(Specific growth rate,SGR)等的影响。结果表明:福寿螺在干湿交替条件下,其WGR、FR、FCR、SGR均受到明显抑制,甚至出现负值的情况;福寿螺的壳高随着有水时长的延长而增加,出现干旱时间越长,壳高增长越缓慢的现象;福寿螺在短时期干湿交替条件下发生部分补偿生长现象,这种补偿生长效应可能主要是通过饥饿后摄食水平提高而实现的,但超出一定限度时则不能补偿生长。根据上述结果,可以认为福寿螺在缺水条件下无法正常生长,且影响程度随着干旱时间的增加而增大。此外,福寿螺普遍会在旱后复水180min内钻出土壤,因此,可利用此时机防治福寿螺,及时避免其损伤水生作物。本研究结果可为稻田福寿螺的综合防治和水资源利用管理提供理论参考。 Golden apple snail （Pomacea canaliculata） is one of the 100 worst invasive alien species in the black list of World Conservation Union, and has resulted in a mass loss of rice production in South China. In order to develop water regulation method for controlling golden apple snails, we investigated the influences of drying-wetting alternation on the feed and growth of golden apple snails. Our results showed that weight growth rate, feeding rate, food conversion ratio and specific growth rate of the snails were significantly inhibited by the alternative drying-wetting treatments, sometimes with even negative effects. The shell height of the snails increased with water, but this increase is slow once the water disappear. The snail exhibited a compensation effect during the altemative drying-wetting process within a short-term, and this effect may result from the increase of feeding amount after a period starvation of the snails and would not appear when the drought stress on snails exceeded a certain extent. To recap, the snails would fail to grow normally under drought stress and the degree of influence would be enhanced with prolonged drought period. Moreover, the snails would come out again generally when their habitat becomes rewetting after drought within 180 minutes, so we can control them in this special period （opportunity） to avoid the injure of aquatic plants by snails. The research results may provide a theoretical reference for an integrated control of golden apple snail and water utilization and management.

关 键 词： 福寿螺 干湿交替 摄食 生长 防治

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]