作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 广东海洋大学水产学院

出　　处： 《上海海洋大学学报》 2013年第4期563-570,共8页

摘　　要： 通过离体组织培养,观察了灰叶马尾藻(Sargassumcinereum)有性生殖特征,探讨了光照强度20、40、60、80、120、160μmol/(m2.s)对其有性生殖与幼孢子体早期生长的影响。结果表明:灰叶马尾藻每窝一般排卵4～6个,单核,核分裂产生2～8核卵。受精卵依次经过2次横分裂、2次纵分裂,再经多次分裂形成梨形幼孢子体。光照强度对灰叶马尾藻卵及受精卵大小、分裂速度影响不显著,80～120μmol/(m2.s)时合子分裂较快。光照强度极显著影响灰叶马尾藻幼孢子体假根数量及其长度。培养第9天幼孢子体产生分枝,叶状部生长受光照强度影响显著,适宜光强范围为40～120μmol/(m2.s),早期生长以40～60μmol/(m2.s)最适,出现分枝后以80～120μmol/(m2.s)最适。本研究结果为灰叶马尾藻的人工育苗提供理论依据。 Sexual reproduction characters of Sargassum cinereum were observed by tissue culture in vitro. Effects of light intensity 20, 40, 60, 80, 120, 160 μmol/（m2·s） on sexual reproduction and early development of S. cinereum germlings were studied. The results showed that four to six eggs were released from each female conceptacle. Freshly released unfertilized eggs had single nucleus, which then changed into two to eight nuclei by nuclear division. The first two cell divisions after fertilization were transverse, and the following two cell divisions were all longitudinal. Through subsequent countless cell divisions, a pyriform germling was formed. Light intensity insignificantly influenced the size of eggs, the size and the cell division velocity of zygotes. However, variations in rhizoid number, rhizoid length and thalli growth were highly significant under different irradiances. The first branches on germlings were observed after being cultured for 8 days. Suitable growth of S. cinereum occurred under irradiances from 40μmol/（ m2·s） to 120μmol/（ m2·s ）. Optimal growth of these germlings occurred under irradiances from 40μmol/（ m2·s） to 60μmol/（ m2·s） in early development stage and from 80μmol/（m2·s） to 120μmol/（m2·s） after one leaflet was formed, respectively. These results may provide theoretical basis for artificial seedling culture of S. cinereum.

关 键 词： 灰叶马尾藻 光照强度 有性生殖 幼孢子体 生长

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]