作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 安徽农业大学植物保护学院

出　　处： 《激光生物学报》 2013年第2期159-165,共7页

摘　　要： 为探索八角茴香的杀虫活性及其作用机理,采用密闭容器熏蒸法测定八角茴香干果的甲醇、乙酸乙酯、石油醚3种溶剂提取物对长角扁谷盗成虫的杀虫活性,及其对试虫体内乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GSTs)活性的影响。结果表明:3种提取物对试虫均有较强的熏杀活性,熏杀效果随着处理剂量的提高和处理时间的延长而增强,熏蒸72 h后,20.0 mg/L甲醇、乙酸乙酯、石油醚提取物对试虫的校正死亡率分别为89.93%、96.71%和91.56%,LD50分别为7.16、4.57、5.42 mg/L,以乙酸乙酯提取物的熏杀效果最好。3种提取物对试虫体内的AChE、GSTs活性均表现出明显的剂量效应和较强的时间效应,随着处理剂量的升高,对2种酶活力多数表现为抑制作用增强,而低剂量(1.25 mg/L)的甲醇提取物对AChE具有一定的诱导作用;乙酸乙酯、石油醚提取物在48 h而甲醇提取物在60 h对AChE、GSTs活性抑制作用最强;3种溶剂提取物对AChE、GSTs活性的抑制作用大小均表现为乙酸乙酯>石油醚>甲醇。提取物对酶活性的抑制作用与熏杀效果整体呈正相关,说明AChE、GSTs活性下降可能是造成试虫死亡的重要原因之一。因此,八角茴香具有潜在的杀虫应用研究价值。 In order to reveal the insecticidal activity and mechanism of lllicium verum Hook. f. , the fumigant activity of the extracts from I. verum dried fruits against adults of Cryptolestes pusillus （Schōnherr） and their effects on acetylcho-linesterase （ACHE） and glutathione-S-transferase （GSTs） were examined by fumigating C. pusiUus aduhs in the hermet-ic container. The results indicated that three kinds of organic solvent extracts from I. verum fruits showed strong fumigant activity against C. pusillus adults, fumigant effects were enhanced with increased dosages and prolonged exposure time. The average mortality of the extracts by methanol, ethyl acetate, and petroleum ether is 89.93 % ,96.71% and 91.56%, respectively, with an extract dosage of 20.0 mg/L at 72 h after treatment;the LDs0 of the extracts by methanol, ethyl ace-tate, and petroleum ether against adults of C. pusillus are 7.16,4.57, and 5.42 mg/L at 72 h after treatment, respective- ly. the extract by ethyl acetate exhibits best. Activities of the two enzymes showed distinct dose-effects and strong time-effect, with the dosages of the extracts increasing, the AChE and GSTs activities were strongly inhibited, however, the ex- tracts by methanol at a low dosage （1.25 mg/L） showed induction effect on AChE activity;the extracts by ethyl acetate, and petroleum ether showed the strongest inhibitory effect on AChE and GSTs at 48 h after treatment, while the extract by methanol at 60 h. The inhibition rates of the three kinds of extracts to AChE and GSTs activities were as follows ： ethyl acetate 〉 petroleum ether 〉 methanol. It is so inferred that fumigant effect of the extracts from 1. verum fruits on C. pusil-lus adults were distinctly bound up with the activities of the two metabolic enzymes in C. pusillus adults, and the inhibi-tion on AChE and GSTs in C. pusiUus adults may be related to its toxic effect. So I. verum has potential value in insecti-cidal research.

关 键 词： 八角茴香 长角扁谷盗 熏蒸活性 乙酰胆碱酯酶 谷胱甘肽 转移酶 杀虫作用机理

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]