作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; (张稳成）; (刘鸿萍）;

机构地区： 肇庆市农业科学研究所广东肇庆526000

出　　处： 《中国农学通报》 2013年第17期161-165,共5页

摘　　要： 为探究不同机械种植方式对水稻生产经济效益的影响,2010—2012年在广东肇庆怀集县,对钵毯机插、毯状机插、机直播和人工手插4种种植方式进行了比较试验。结果表明:在产量上,2010年早稻,钵毯机插、毯状机插和机直播均比手插低,分别低1.28%、0.96%和7.69%;2011年早稻,也分别较手插低了0.45%、0.67%和8.29%;2012年早稻,则比手插分别提高了12.52%、11.22%和0.00%。3年中,机直播的平均日产量都高于其他种植方式。在经济效益上,2010年早稻,钵毯机插秧、毯状机插和机直播的成本均比手插低,净利润分别增加1.43%、2.14%和-10.84%,而2011年的成本分别较手插变化2.28%、2.28%和-5.90%,净利润分别下降了3.68%、3.20%和10.62%,2012年的成本分别较手插变化2.28%、2.28%和-5.90%,净利润均有提高。由此得出,毯状机插和钵体机插较适用于肇庆早稻生产,而机直播不同年份间产量波动较大。 To explore the influence of different mechanical planting patterns on the economic efficiency of rice production, from 2010 to 2012, comparison test was conducted between bowel-blanket mechanical planting, blanket-like mechanical planting, mechanical direct seeding and manual transplanting in Huaiji County Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province. Results showed that, the yield of bowel-blanket mechanical planting, blanket-like mechanical planting and mechanical direct seeding in 2010 early season rice was lower than manual transplanting, lower respectively 1.28%, 0.96% and 7.69%. And in 2011, the yield was lower respectively 0.45%, 0.67% and 8.29%, but in 2012, it increased respectively 12.52%, 11.22% and 0.00%. The daily average yield of mechanical direct seeding always was the highest from 2010 to 2012. Comparing with the manual transplanting, the cost of bowel-blanket mechanical planting, blanket-like mechanical planting andmechanical direct seeding in 2010 early season rice decreased significantly, and net profit changed respectively 2.14%, 1.43% and-10.84% . And in 2011, the cost changed respectively 2.28%, 2.28% and -5.90%, and net profit decreased respectively 3.20%, 3.68% and 10.62%. But in 2012, the cost changed respectively 2.28%, 2.28% and-5.90%, and net profit increased significantly. The results showed that, the blanket-like mechanical planting and the bowel-like mechanical planting are more suitable for rice production in Huaiji County Zhaoqing City, but the output fluctuation of mechanical direct seeding is large in different years.

关 键 词： 水稻 经济效益 机械化 种植方式

领　　域： [农业科学]