作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 宁夏大学

出　　处： 《草业科学》 2013年第3期357-364,共8页

摘　　要： 为了解药用植物甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis)内生真菌资源多样性及其抑菌活性特征,通过组织块法对内生真菌进行分离,并选择小麦全蚀病菌(Gaeumannomyces graminis var.tritici)、枸杞黑果病菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)、番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)、黄瓜枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporiumf.sp.cucumeris)、黄瓜立枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solani)5种植物病原真菌和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)4种细菌作为供试指示菌,采用对峙法和改进的菌块法测定抑菌活性。试验结果显示,从甘草根、茎、叶中分离出20株内生真菌,其中根部最多,占分离菌株总数的65.0%,其次为茎部,叶部最少;经形态学初步分类鉴定归于2目2科5属,梭孢霉属为优势菌属,占分离菌株总数的70.0%;在分离的内生真菌中有15株菌对1种或1种以上供试植物病原真菌有不同程度的抑制作用,为分离内生真菌总数的75.0%,19株菌对1种或1种以上供试细菌有不同程度的抑制作用,为分离内生真菌总数的95.0%;有7株内生真菌对枯草芽孢杆菌拮抗活性差异显著(P<0.05),有8株内生真菌对金黄色葡萄球菌拮抗活性差异显著,有3株内生真菌对大肠杆菌拮抗活性差异显著,有1株内生真菌对革兰氏阴性铜绿假单胞菌拮抗活性差异显著,其中菌株RLEFR015对番茄灰霉病菌、金黄色葡萄球菌拮抗活性差异显著,菌株RLEFR010对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌拮抗活性差异显著,菌株RLEFR002对枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌供试细菌拮抗活性差异显著;菌株RLEFR015、RLEFR002、RLEFR010均为梭孢霉属,为高活性菌株。甘草内生真菌具有多样性和抑菌活性,多数菌株对供试病原真菌和病原细菌具有拮抗活性,对革兰氏阳性金黄色葡萄球菌和革兰氏阳性枯草芽孢杆菌拮抗活性较强,预示着甘草内生真菌 In order to explore the resource diversity and microbial inhibition activities of endopbytic fungi from medicinal plant Glycyrrhiza uralensis, the endophytic fungi were isolated from root, stem and leaf of the host by tissue inoculation culture, the five kinds of pathogenic fungi,Gaeurnannomyces graminis var. tritici , Colletotrichum gloeosporioides , Botrytis cinerea , Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. cucumeris,Rhizocto nia solani, and the four kinds of bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudornonas aeruginosa,were used as indicators to test microbial inhibition activities of the isolates by agar plate antagonistic action and modified agar gel diffusion methods. The results indicated that twenty endophytic fungi strains were isolated from the root,stem and leaf as a whole, and the most isolates came from the root,making up 65.0% of the total, then from stem, and leaf as the least;Based on morphological characters, the isolated strains attribute to two genera, two families and five orders, and Fusidiurn sp. was the dominant genera, amounting to 85.0% of the total isolates;For the isolated strains fifteen strains had antifungal activities against one or more pathogenic fungi,accounting for 75.0% of the total isolates,nineteen strains showed antibacterial activities to one or more bacterial indicators,taking up 95.0% of the total isolates; There were inhibition activities to P. aeruginosa; Of wh tion activity against B. seven strains showed inhibition activities to B. subtilis, S. aureus and three strains expressed inhibition activities to E h the strain RLEFR015 had significant differences statistical and eight strains had inhibition activities to S. aureus and three strains expressed inhibition activities to IF,. coli and one strain to P. aeruginosa; Of which the strain RLEFR015 had significant differences statistically for microbial inhibition activity against B. cinerea, S. aureus（P〈0. 05）, the strain RLEFR010 had significant differences statistically for microbial inhibition

关 键 词： 药用植物 甘草 内生真菌 分离 抑菌活性

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学] [农业科学] [农业科学] [农业科学]