作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 华中农业大学

出　　处： 《经济地理》 2013年第3期131-138,共8页

摘　　要： 外部性是农业部门普遍存在的经济现象,作为农业重要组成部分的棉花产业也不例外。新疆作为我国最主要产棉区,由于正外部性未得到矫正,其棉花生产的稳定发展受到极大的影响。因此,以新疆棉花生产为例,运用条件价值法(CVM),通过对新疆棉花生产正外部性补贴的支付意愿调查,估算了棉花生产的生态环境、自然景观及社会保障等正外部性价值;运用分解求和法,测算了新疆棉花生产过程中,棉田吸收CO2、棉田土壤固碳、棉花生产中物资燃料使用带来的碳排放等环境外部性价值。结果表明:新疆棉花生产的外部性综合表现为正,其外部性的总价值高达101.5268×108元。若将此作为计算棉花补贴的依据,则棉花可补贴6 951.03元/hm2;并提出将其作为棉花生产补贴标准,增加补贴项目,提高补贴额度,稳定棉花生产,保障棉花产业安全的政策建议。 Externality is a ubiquitous economic phenomenon in the department of agriculture, and being a significant part in agriculture, the cotton industry is no exception. Xinjiang province is the most main cotton producing area in China, but the positive externalities have greatly affected the stable development of its cotton production. Therefore, this paper taking Xinjiang cotton production as an example, using contingent valuation method （CVM）, through investigating the willingness to pay for the positive externality subsidy of cotton production, estimated the market value of cotton production positive externalities such as the ecological environmental value, the natural landscape value, the social security value, etc. And using decomposed summation method, we calculated market value of environmental externality brought by cotton plants absorbing CO2, cotton soil carbon seques^ation and COs emission from fossil energy use in cotton production process in Xinjiang. The result of our research showed that the integrated externality of Xinjiang cotton production was positive, and the total market value of this integrated externality is 101.5268 x 108RMB~. If we take this result as the basis for calculating cotton production subsidy, we should subsidize cotton producers 6 951.03RMB~ for every hectare. Finally, we put forward the policy suggestions about regarding this value as the cotton production subsidy standards, increasing subsidy program, improving subsidy level, guaranteeing stable cotton production and ensuring cotton industry security.

关 键 词： 外部性 条件价值法 碳减排 棉花补贴 新疆

领　　域： [经济管理]