作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 陕西科技大学造纸工程学院

出　　处： 《纸和造纸》 2013年第3期43-47,共5页

摘　　要： 芳纶纤维的形态及表面特性与干纺或湿纺工艺有密切联系，且生产工艺对纤维表面和内部结构及纸张性能有较大的影响。采用光学显微镜、SEM、AFM和CLSM，对不同工艺生产（F1、F2、F3）的纤维／浆粕表面和横截面的超结构特征进行分析，为芳纶纸研究提供一定的理论依据。结果显示：湿纺工艺生产的芳纶F1一纤无明显皮芯结构，表面有沿纤维方向高度取向的沟槽，是成型过程中芳纶分子凝聚态急骤变化形成的超分子结构，纤维表面呈现楔形裂隙式形态特征。沉析工艺获得的F卜浆柔软呈飘带状，平均长度0．2～1．0mm，厚度不超过1或2μm，有较大的长宽比和长厚比，该形态有利于湿法成形过程中纤维之间的互相搭接和均匀分散，形成良好匀度的片状材料。F2-纤颜色较深，为棕褐色，形状不规则，中间有一条凹陷的细带，皮层呈膨胀状态，也与其纺丝工艺相关。F3-纤整体匀称，表面光滑。3种不同制造工艺的短切纤维，横截面上微细纤维的精细程度也有较大差异，Nomex工艺的F3-纤中的微细纤维很细小且排列密实。 The morphology and surface characteristics of aramid fiber have a close relationship with the dry spinning or wet spinning process, and they are important for the fiber surface and internal structure, as well as the paper properties. The surface of fiber/pulp from different process source （F1, F2 and F3） and cross section of super structure characteristics were analyzed by using optical microscope, SEM, AFM and CLSM. The results showed that aramid fiber F1 produced by the wet spinning process had no obvious skin-core structure. The groove which along the fiber orientation was the super molecular structure when the condensed state of aramid fiber molecular sharp changed during the forming process, identified with the wedge fissure type. While the F1 pulp was soft and presented ribbon pattern, the average length was 0.2 ~ 1.0 mm, the thickness was less than 1 or 2 gm, with a larger length- width ratio and long thick ratio, this form was helpful for the mutual bonding among the fibers and uniform dispersion during the wet forming process. The color of F2-fiber was brown, the shape was irregular, and there was a sunken fine belt, the cortex presented the expansion condition which was related with the spinning process. F3-fiber was uniform and smooth. This three kind of fiber with different manufacturing process also had bigger differences on the fine degree of micro fiber, F3-micro fiber of Nomex process was rather fine small and compact arranged.

关 键 词： 芳纶 形态 结构 纺丝工艺

领　　域： [轻工技术与工程]