作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 怀化学院

出　　处： 《中国体育科技》 2013年第1期9-13,40,共6页

摘　　要： 目的:为了解武陵山区侗族成年人的体质变化规律及其影响因素,为今后进行少数民族成人体质研究提供数据和帮助。方法:选择武陵山片区湘黔桂三省毗邻的通道侗族自治县侗族人口高度集中的牙屯堡镇和独坡乡为主要观测点,按《2005年国民体质监测工作手册》和《2010年国民体质监测工作手册》规定的内容、项目和方法进行问卷调查和体质测量,运用比较分析法对2005年和2010年侗族成年人的体质指标进行了比较分析。结果显示:侗族成人体质多数指标均值2005年与2010年比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:1)由于营养和体育锻炼的加强,侗族20～29岁青年男、女身高增长明显;由于饮食结构、饮食习惯、审美理念、体力活动、身体锻炼和不健康的生活方式等多因素的影响,侗族30～50岁青壮年男性超重或肥胖趋势明显;2)营养和卫生保健知识的普及,使侗族成人偏高的高血压患病率有所下降,总体血压指标明显向好的趋势发展;心血管机能和肺脏机能的变化趋势呈"两头大,中间小"的特点;3)生活方式的变化和重体力活的大量减少,使侗族成年男性力量素质有所下降;侗族成人快速反应能力大幅提高,现代生活方式的转变可能是主要影响因素。 Objective： To understand the Wuling mountainous area the adults physical fitness change rule and influence factor, and provide data for future minority adult physical fitness re- search. Methods：Taking the Wuling mountainous Hunan-Guizhou-Guangxi provinces adjacent TONGDAO-Dong Autonomous County population concentrated in the YATUNBAO-Town and DUPO- Town as the main observation point, according to 2005 national physical fitness moni- toring manual and 2010 national physical fitness monitoring handbook, the method of question- naire investigation and live test and using comparative analysis were adopted, the adults phy- sique indexes were compared and analyzed in 2005 and 2010. The results showed that the most indicators of adult physical fitness in 2005 compared with 2010 have mean significant differ- ence （P〈0.05）; conclusion： 1） the nutrition and physical exercise to strengthen the young men and women, aged 20-29 height growth significantly; as to diet, eating habits, aesthetic philosophy, physical activity, physical exercise and healthy lifestyle and other factors, the 30-50 year-old young adults are overweight or obesity trends obvious; 2） nutrition and health care knowledge, so that the adult higher the prevalence of hypertension has decreased, overall blood pressure indices were significantly positive trend of development; cardiovascular function and lung function change trend is two big middle small characteristic ; 3） lifestyle changes and heav- y manual work to reduce the large number of Dong nationality, the adult male strength quality declined;Dong adult rapid response ability to rise considerably, modern lifestyle changes may be the main influence factors.

关 键 词： 武陵山区 侗族 成年人 体质

领　　域： [文化科学] [文化科学]