作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所

出　　处： 《生物安全学报》 2012年第4期256-261,242,共6页

摘　　要： 随着世界经济的发展和全球经济一体化进程的加快,外来物种入侵已成为影响国家安全的主要因素之一。我国外来入侵物种数量繁多,已成为遭受外来生物危害最严重的国家之一,入侵物种已对我国生态系统、环境和社会经济造成了严重的影响。近年来,各国都积极采取措施,制定外来物种入侵管理政策,加强外来物种入侵立法,确保国家及国际生物安全。然而,我国现有的针对外来物种的相关法律法规存在明显滞后。本文综述了我国外来物种入侵的现状及相关立法,指出外来物种入侵可在不同生态系之间发生,揭示了行政区划与生态系差异造成外来物种入侵管理存在"自然与经济的错位"、国内管理方面存在"生态系统与行政区域的错位"的"双错位现象",分析了我国外来物种的管理现状及今后的发展方向,以期探求我国在国际背景下的外来物种管理对策,提出制定《外来入侵物种法》及相关法律的国家体系、建立跨部门协作科学研究体系以及建设行政管理体系,增强抵御外来物种入侵的能力,实施以防为主的管理策略。 With faster economic development and globalization, exotic species invasion has been one of the most important factors that can affect national safety. As numerous exoticspecies were inoduced deliberately or unconsciously, China has become one of the most threatened countries by alien species invasion. Although non-native species have exerted dramatic environmental and socio- economic effects, many countries and international societies are still trying to actively workon strategies to control invasion. This also includes the need to strengthening regulations to ensure national and international biosafety. Unfortunately, relevant laws and regula- tions cannot keep pace with such phenomenon as invasion of exotic species. In this paper, we reviewed the current situation of the exotic species in China as well as the related laws and regulations. We pointed out that exotic species invasion happens in various e- cosystems, and revealed the ＂Bi-misplacement Phenomena＂, i. e. , the misplacement between nature and economy, and the mis- placement between ecological system and district division, resulted by the differences between district divisions and ecological sys- tems. In addition, we analyzed the current management system for exotic invasive species in China and future development trends in this regard. We actively searched for invasive species management strategies for China under international venues, and proposed a law for invasion of exotic species that can be related to Chinese national jurisdiction system to promote research, administration and education through cooperation of different departments. We proposed that such management strategies should emphasize prevention.

关 键 词： 生物入侵 外来物种 对策

领　　域： [农业科学]