作　　者： ; ; (邵屯）; (刘春燕）;

机构地区： 华南农业大学资源环境学院

出　　处： 《华南农业大学学报》 2012年第4期465-469,共5页

摘　　要： 在26℃条件下,以橘小实蝇Bctrocerat dorsalis 1龄、2龄、3龄初及3龄末幼虫为寄主,研究了前裂长管茧蜂Diachasmimorpha longicaudata对不同龄期寄主的寄生效能、各虫态发育历期、存活率、个体大小、性比、结果表明,寄主龄期对前裂长管茧蜂寄生效能与生长发育有明显影响.前裂长管茧蜂偏好寄生2龄和3龄初的橘小实蝇幼虫,在试验观察的6 h内,分别有63.00与85.50头相应龄期的橘小实蝇幼虫被寄生.而仅有35.60与33.21头1龄和3龄末橘小实蝇幼虫被寄生.前裂长管茧蜂各虫态的发育速率随寄主年龄的增加而逐步减缓.以1龄、2龄、3龄初及3龄末橘小实蝇幼虫为繁育寄主时,前裂长管茧蜂的世代发育历期分别为18.5、18.9、19.6和22.0 d,相应的幼期存活率分别为16.40%、46.88%、54.09%和26.29%,寄主龄期过低或过高对前裂长管茧蜂的生长发育有明显的抑制作用.前裂长管茧蜂子代个体的大小也因寄主龄期的不同而有所差异,以1龄橘小实蝇幼虫为寄主所繁育寄生蜂个体明显小于其他年龄段寄主繁育的寄生蜂.以3龄初橘小实蝇幼虫为繁育寄主时,前裂长管茧蜂子代群体以雌性个体为主,雌性概率为64.11%.3龄初橘小实蝇幼虫是用于繁殖前裂长管茧蜂的最适阶段. Abstract： At the temperature of 26 ℃, effects of host age on the development and reproduction of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata （Ashmead）, reared with the larvae of oriental fruit fly, Bctrocerat dorsalis （Hendal）, was investigated from the aspects of the parasitical efficiency,immature survival rate, wasp body size and sex ratio of its offspring, respectively. The results showed that host age had an obvious influence on the development and reproduction of D. longicaudata. Female wasps preferred to parasitize the 2^nd instar and the initial 3^rd instar larvae of oriental fruit fly, and the number of 63.00 and 85.50 host larvae parasit- ized at the corresponding ages were observed within 6 hours. But only 35.60 and 33.21 host larvae were parasitized when provided with the 1^st＇ instar and the old 3^rd instar oriental fruit fly larvae, respectively. De- velopment rate of D. longicaudata decreased with the increase of rearing host age. The generation develop- ment of D. longlcaudata were 18. 5, 18. 9, 19. 6 and 22. 0 days when reared with the 1st instar, 2^nd instar, initial 3^rd and old 34 fly larvae, respectively, and the corresponding immature survival rates were 16. 40%, 46. 88%, 54. 09% and 26. 29% , respectively. The development of D. longicaudata was greatly blocked atthe 1 st instar and old 3^rd oriental fruit fly larvae. Body size of offspring wasps mainly depended on host＇ s ages, and the smallest wasps were observed from those 1 st instar oriental fruit fly larvae. However, a fe- male-based sex ratio of offspring wasps was only exhibited in the initial 3^rd instar oriental fruit fly larvae, and the ratio of female offspring wasps was 64. 11%.

关 键 词： 橘小实蝇 前裂长管茧蜂 寄主龄期 寄生 生长发育

领　　域： [生物学]