作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 东北师范大学

出　　处： 《教育研究》 2012年第10期115-123,共9页

摘　　要： 通过分析比较20世纪90年代和近十年的三组11节小学数学优质课,发现不同年代的优质课共性与差异并存。共性特征体现在:不同年代优质课的教学目标和教学内容在知识与技能方面有许多相同点;课的结构存在相似模式;教学都以公共活动为主导,以师生对话和问答为主要形式,学生齐言现象明显;教师的教学不同程度地受到教科书影响。差异主要表现为:近十年的课以更加宽广的视角看待学生的全面发展,课的结构、教学内容、教学方式和教科书使用都较20世纪90年代的课更具开放性。共性特征表明教学具有相对的稳定性,差异反映了不同年代的教育理念与价值取向的变化。因此,教学改革应考虑到教学的文化特性、教学改革的渐进性和反思的持续性。 By analyzing eleven exemplary lessons of elementary mathematics focusing on three different topics in 1990s and the first decade of the new century, it was found that both similarities and differences co-existed in the lessons in different decades. The similarities are as the follows： the selected exemplary lessons in different decades shared many common features in the aspect of knowledge and skill among the instructional objectives and the contents of teaching and learning; their lesson structures also displayed similarities; all of them were dominated by public activities, during which the main form of interaction was teacher＇s questioning and students＂ answering, and students＂ responses in chorus was quite popular; and the instruction was all impacted by the textbooks in different extents. The differences in the selected lessons were shown as that the students＂ over-all development was concerned from a more broader perspective in the lessons taught in the first decade of the new century, and that the lessons in the new century demonstrated more openness in the lesson structure, the content of teaching and learning, the teaching method, and the usage of textbooks regarding of the lessons in 1990s. The similarities indicated the relative stability of teaching, while the differences reflected the changes of the educational ideas and values over different decades. The implication drawn from this study is that, while implementing a teaching reform, it should be recognized that the teaching is a cultural activity, the reform of teaching is a gradually changing process, and the regular reflection on teaching is needed during the whole process of the reform.

关 键 词： 教学改革 课堂教学 优质课 录像研究

领　　域： [文化科学] [文化科学]