作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 北京大学城市与环境学院地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室

出　　处： 《地理研究》 2012年第10期1775-1784,共10页

摘　　要： 谢高地等的生态服务功能当量研究成果,在国内被广为应用。鉴于当前许多研究中直接引用而忽视区域差异的现象,本文旨在探索一套精度较高的基于当量的生态系统服务功能评价方法,进而应用于今后大、中尺度多时间序列的评价。修订方法可总结为:(1)以农田为基准的地区修订,采用研究区农田粮食单位面积产量与全国农田粮食单位面积产量的比值作为地区修订系数,将"中国生态系统单位面积生态服务价值当量表"修订为"研究区生态系统单位面积生态服务价值当量表",考虑到森林生态系统的复杂性,用生物量对森林生态系统的服务价值作进一步的修订;(2)基于植被覆盖度的单元格修订,采用NDVI数据,计算植被覆盖度系数,对农田、林地、草地生态系统进行逐单元格修订。实现生态服务功能评价从全国—地区—单元格逐级降尺度的修订,以保证生态服务价值当量在不同尺度下的可比性,亦能充分显示出生态服务价值的空间异质性。最后以渤海湾沿岸为例,采用该方法对研究区生态服务功能及其变化进行了相对评估,并采用敏感性指数方法进行了检验。本方法较适用于生态服务功能的时间序列对比分析,可以检测出区域内部生态服务功能的强度差异和时空变化。 Ecosystem services evaluation has attracted much attention for its role in guiding a green strategic decision and public action.Because of its easy application,Xie G D＇s equivalent value per unit area of Chinese ecosystem services（ESV） has been widely used.However,a precise revision is the precondition of accurate assessment result.The phenomenon of researchers not paying close attention to equivalent revision as much as the assessment result analysis makes the authors probe into a high resolution revision method of ESV,so that it can be more widely used in other regions and accurate in detecting changes.The revision method can be summarized as follows：（1） region revision,revise the average ecosystem service equivalent value of the whole country into that of the study area,by using the data of per unit area value of food products.In consideration of the complexity of forest ecosystems,biomass of each type of forest ecosystems are used to revise the equivalent value in quality.（2） grid revision,apply vegetation coverages based on vegetation index（NDVI） to correct the equivalent in quantity,which shows the variance of ecosystem service among units in the same land use type under different vegetation coverage at the grid cell of 1 km2.These intersected multi-scale revision downscales ESV from national to local to grid cell,which not only keeps ESV comparable at different scales,but also detects the spatial heterogeneity in details.This method was applied in counties along the Bohai Bay to study the distribution and changes of ecosystem services between 2000 and 2008.The approach is more practicable and suitable in comparable analysis between different years and distinguishing the intensity of ecosystem services at inner-regional scale.

关 键 词： 土地利用 土地覆被 生态服务功能 地区修订 生物量 单元格修订 植被覆盖度

领　　域： [天文地球]