作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 华南农业大学工程学院南方农业机械与装备关键技术省部共建教育部重点实验室

出　　处： 《农业工程学报》 2012年第19期9-16,共8页

摘　　要： 为解决果蔬气调保鲜运输气调效率低且成本高等问题,该文提出了一种液氮充注气调保鲜运输技术,应用该技术制造的运输车主要由汽车底盘、基于压差原理的运输厢体、液氮充注气调装置、超声波加湿装置、制冷机组、变风量通风装置、换气装置和集中控制系统等组成。整车性能试验结果表明:在环境温度(33.5±1)℃、相对湿度59%±3%、采用仅中间留空堆栈、装载后厢体内后部温度(22.3±0.3)℃的条件下,物料初始温度为4.82和6.38℃时,调控至目标环境所用时间为52和90min;物料初始温度基本相同(4.65～4.82℃)、采用仅中间留空、中间与两侧留空和无空留堆栈方式时,调控至目标环境所用时间分别为52、30和77min,相对湿度自85%升至90%所用时间分别为26、9和33min,中间与两侧留空堆栈方式在调控速度方面依次优于仅中间留空和无空留堆栈;实载时厢体内氧气体积分数自20.9%降至5%用时28min,平均消耗液氮18.99kg,气调效率高且使用成本低。研究结果对提升果蔬气调保鲜运输技术水平具有一定参考价值。 A new fresh-keeping transportation technology with controlled atmosphere （CA） system featuring liquid nitrogen injection was designed to resolve the current problems of low efficiency and high cost present in fruits and vegetables transportation. The transportation vehicle consists of chassis, container based on differential pressure principle, CA equipments utilizing liquid nitrogen injection, ultrasonic humidification devices, refrigeration appliances, variable air volume ventilation assembly, air change valves and control unit. The vehicle performance test result indicated that under the condition of ambient temperature of （33.5±1）℃,relative humidity of （59±3）%, ＂blanks in the middle＂ stack mode and internal rear temperature of （22.3±0.3）℃, the container took 52 minutes and 90 minutes to reach the target environment when the cargo initial temperature was 4.82 and 6.38℃ respectively. Under the same condition and the cargo initial temperature of 4.65-4.82℃, it accordingly took 52 minutes, 30 minutes and 77 minutes to reach the target environment when the stack mode was separately using ＂blanks in the middle＂, ＂blanks on both sides and middle＂, and ＂no blanks left＂. And the container took 26 minutes, 9 minutes and 33 minutes to increase the relative humidity from 85% to 90%, respectively, according to the three stack modes mentioned above. Therefore, the ＂blanks on both sides and middle＂ stack mode was superior to ＂blanks in the middle＂ and ＂no blanks left＂ stack modes in terms of target environment regulation time. Decreasing the O2 concentration from 20.9% to 5% cost 28 minutes and 18.99 kg of liquid nitrogen on average under the ＂full loaded＂ stack mode, demonstrating that the vehicle had high CA efficiency and low cost. It is concluded this new design could serve as reference for further development on CA fresh-keeping transportation technology.

关 键 词： 液氮 气调 保鲜 运输车 果蔬

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]