作　　者： ;

机构地区： 北京体育大学

出　　处： 《体育科学》 2000年第4期67-70,共4页

摘　　要： 根据中国集体主义文化的特征 ,建立了赛前情绪 5因素模型 ,它包括特质自信、躯体特质焦虑、个体失败特质焦虑和社会期待特质焦虑 4个一级因素和赛前情绪 1个二级因素。对 1188名运动员的 4项问卷调查结果支持了这一5因素模型 ,发展出的 [赛前情绪量表 - T]及其相应的简表具有较好的信度与效度。根据 Spielberger(1972 )关于认知评价与焦虑反应关系的理论设想 ,对 40名运动员进行了情绪 Stroop实验和探点反应时实验 ,结果表明 ,高竞赛特质焦虑的运动员 ,具有较少关注积极性信息和较多关注威胁性信息的注意倾向 ;低竞赛特质焦虑的运动员 ,具有较多关注积极性信息和较少关注威胁性信息的注意倾向。讨论了 6项实证研究结果对运动员心理选材、心理诊断和心理技能训练的意义。 A five factor model of pre competition emotion, composed of four first-order factors (confidence, somatic anxiety, individual failure anxiety and social expectation anxiety) and one second order factor (pre competition emotion), was proposed on the basis of the characteristics of Chinese collectivist culture. Results of four questionnaire investigations on 1188 athletes supported this model, from which the derived Pre competition Emotion Scale Trait (PES T) and its short forms showed good reliability and validity. Emotion Stroop experiment and probe reaction experiment were conducted on 40 athletes according to Spielberger's theoretical concept on the relationship between cognitive evaluation and anxiety reaction (1972). The results indicated that athletes with high trait competition anxiety had attentional propensity of focusing less on positive information and more on threat information, while athletes with low trait competition anxiety had attentional propensity of focusing more on positive information and less on threat information. The significance of the above six empirical studies on talents selection, psychological diagnosis and mental training were discussed.

关 键 词： 赛前情绪 因素结构 体育比赛 运动竞赛心理

领　　域： [文化科学] [文化科学]