作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 军事体育进修学院

出　　处： 《体育学刊》 2012年第5期135-139,共5页

摘　　要： 通过对湿热环境下机体血液成分变化特点的实验,试图揭示湿热环境下运动的身体适应,为训练提供相应的理论依据。随机抽取某大学男生30名,平均年龄(21.3±1.1)岁。实验选择第二军医大学湿热环境训练实验室,环境温度控制在39℃,相对湿度为80%。实验历时9 d,分为测试阶段和训练阶段:测试阶段在训练前、后1 d分别进行12 min功率自行车测试,2次测试前、后经上肢静脉取血(在肛温指标测试后即刻进行);训练阶段周期为7 d,运动负荷为:踏步机徒手踏步15 min,艾威BC4730-52型功率自行车无阻力运动15 min,艾威BC8500型功率自行车调至10LEVEL-280WATT/H运动15 min。结果显示:与第1次、第2次测试前相比,2次测试后血清尿素(BU)、乳酸(La)、[K+]和[Ca2+]均显著升高(P<0.05),[Cl-]显著下降(P<0.05);[Na+]在第2次测试后显著升高(P<0.05)。经过7 d热习服训练,第2次测试前较第1次测试前相比,BU和[Na+]显著升高(P<0.05),La浓度显著下降(P<0.05);第2次测试后同第1次测试后相比,BU、[Na+]、[K+]和[Ca2+]显著升高(P<0.05)。结果表明:经过7 d间断性反复热暴露运动后,机体蛋白质代谢供能有所回降;La清除能力得到提高;血液电解质各项指标发生不同程度变化,但均处于正常生理范围及人体耐受范围内;且运动能力及自我感受得到改善,说明习服训练有利于机体新的热反应动力定型建立。 The authors tried to reveal the adaptation of the body exercising in a hot and humid environment through an experiment studying the characteristics of changing of blood constituents of the body in a hot and humid envi- ronment, so as to provide corresponding theoretical criteria for training. The authors selected 30 males students with an average age of （21.3±1.1） randomly from a university. The experiment was done in the hot and humid environ- ment training laboratory of Second Military Medical University, where the ambient temperature was controlled to 39℃, the relative humidity was 80%. The experiment lasted 9 d, which were divided into a testing stage and a training stage; at the testing stage, a 12 min speed bike test was run 1 d before and after training respectively; before and after the two tests, venous blood was taken from upper limbs （immediately after rectal temperature index was tested）; the cycle of the training stage is 7 d, the exercising loads were 15 min of hand free walking on a treadmill, 15 min of resistance free exercising on a model BC4730-52 EVERE speed bike, 15 min of exercising on a modelBC8500 EVERE speed bike which was adjusted to 10LEVEL-280WATT/H. The results showed the followings： as compared with the results before the first and second tests, blood urea （BU）, lactic acid （La）, [K^＋] and [Ca^2＋] after the two tests increased significantly （P〈0.05）, [Cl^-] decreased significantly （P〈0.05）; [Na^＋] increased significantly （P〈0.05） after the second test; after 7 days of heat acclimatization training, as compared with the results before the first test, BU and [Na^＋] before the second test increased significantly （P〈0.05）, La concentration decreased signifi- cantly （P〈0.05）; as compared with the results after the first test, BU, [Na^＋], [K^＋] and [Ca^2＋] after the second test in- creased significantly （P〈0.05）. The results indicated the followings： after 7 d of intermittent, repeated heat exposure exercising, the bod

关 键 词： 运动生物化学 湿热环境 运动 血清 热应激 热习服

领　　域： [文化科学] [文化科学]