作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 华东师范大学学前教育与特殊教育学院

出　　处： 《中国特殊教育》 2012年第9期39-44,共6页

摘　　要： 通过文献综述得知,由于视觉的缺乏,盲人的空间认知存在一定的缺陷,内部的空间表征形式呈现序列性,与明眼人整合性的场景性表征相对,这种缺陷往往对定向行走及空间任务造成不利影响。而相关研究指出,计算机虚拟技术利用交互界面的仿真优势提供了一种补偿机会,即让盲人在模拟现实的虚拟环境中自由、安全地探索,最大限度地利用其听觉、触觉和动觉等多通道信息感受环境,提高其空间表征水平,使盲人提前熟悉环境,从而能够有效地定向和行走。本文介绍了盲人空间表征的形式、计算机虚拟技术的概念及特点、利用这种技术改善盲人空间表征水平的机制及相应的实证研究,最后指出了虚拟技术在应用于改善盲人空间表征的系统方面需要改进的地方以及用此技术来提高我国盲人定向行走训练的建议。 According to academic literature, owing to visual impairments, bhnd persons have deficiency in spatial cognition in that they follow a certain sequence of internal spatial representation, as opposed to normal persons＇ integrated spatial representation. ~is defect is detrimental to blind persons＇ orientation and spatial missions. Virtual computer technology, which provides a good opportunity for blind persons by means of interactive interface, allows them to explore the virtual environment freely and safely, and feel the environment and improve their spatial representation by means of maximized use of their auditory, tactile and kinesthetic information so that they can be familiar with the environment in advance and achieve effective orientation and mobihty. This article introduces the spatial representation of blind persons, the concept and characteristics of the virtual computer technology, the mechanism for improving blind persons＇ spatial representation via the virtual technology, and relevant empirical research. In conclusion, the article gives suggestions on the improvement of the virtual technology, and its practical use in the orientation and mobility training in China.

关 键 词： 虚拟技术 盲人 空间表征 认知地图 定向行走

领　　域： [文化科学] [文化科学]