作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 西南大学植物保护学院

出　　处： 《昆虫学报》 2012年第8期950-957,共8页

摘　　要： 为了分析气调处理对实验昆虫解毒酶性质的影响,探讨酶活性变化与气调抗性形成的潜在关系,本研究用高浓度二氧化碳胁迫处理咖啡豆象Araecerus fasciculatus (De Geer) ,研究其羧酸酯酶(carboxylesterase,CarE) 、酸性磷酸酯酶(acid phosphatase,ACP) 和谷胱甘肽转移酶(glutathione Stransferases, GSTs) 的生物化学与毒理学性质。结果表明: 高浓度二氧化碳气调胁迫处理咖啡豆象3 h,6 h和9 h,其CarE酶活力分别升高35. 41%,55. 02%和88. 98% 。CarE 酶促动力学参数Vmax分别升高26. 13%,31. 77%和 57. 12%,Km没有显著改变; 相应处理下,ACP活力分别升高34. 53%,72. 45%和 126. 37%; GSTs活力分别升高5. 40%,8. 40%和17. 59%。可见,二氧化碳气调胁迫下,实验昆虫可以通过调节部分解毒酶的酶活力或酶促动力学参数来应对不利环境; 酶与底物间的亲和力增强可能是昆虫在气调胁迫下保护机体免受伤害的一种代谢反馈信息。本研究可为昆虫气调杀虫及其抗(耐) 气性形成机制提供一些基础信息。 To clarify the effect of controlled atmosphere （CA） on stored pests and enzyme activities related to the development of resistance, the effect of CA with enriched CO2 （75% CO2, 5% 02 and 20% N2） on the activities of carboxylesterase （CarE）, acid phosphatase （ACP） and glutathione S- transferases （GSTs） from an experimental population of Araecerus fasciculatus （De Geer ） were investigated. The results showed that CarE activities were significantly affected by CA with exposure time, increased by 35.41% , 55.02% and 88.98% at 3 h, 6 h and 9 h, respectively, after exposure compared with the control. The CA treatment increased the Michaelis-Menten （M-M） kinetic constant, Vma~, of CarE by 26.13%, 31.77% and 57.12%, respectively at 3 h, 6 h and 9 h after exposure, but had no effect on the M-M constant, Km. CA treatments of 3 h, 6 h and 9 h increased the specific activity of ACP by 34.53%, 72.45% and 126.37%, respectively. Compared to the control, the specific activities of GSTs in adults exposed to CA for 3 h, 6 h and 9 h were increased by just 5.40%, 8.40% and 17.59%, respectively. These results suggest that A. fasciculatus can adjust the activity of some detoxification enzymes and the kinetics of CarE-catalyzed reactions under the stress of CA. Under CA conditions, the catalytic activity of some detoxification enzymes towards their substrates were enhanced, potentially providing the ability for the pest to adjust its metabolic activity against extreme conditions. This study provides insights into insect responses to CA treatment and the mechanism of CA resistance or tolerance.

关 键 词： 储藏物害虫 咖啡豆象 气调 气调抗性 解毒酶 酶活性 酶动力学

领　　域： [生物学]