作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 广州大学教育学院心理学系

出　　处： 《心理科学》 2012年第4期901-905,共5页

摘　　要： 采用中国汉字谜,通过模拟Wallas(1926)关于顿悟问题解决的四个阶段,探讨了酝酿期有效提示和无效提示对猜字谜的影响。结果发现:有效提示组被试比无效提示组猜对了更多的靶字谜,反应时也更短;在脑电水平上,酝酿期的有效提示谜比无效提示谜在左前额叶分别于300ms-400ms,400ms-600ms,600ms-800ms内引发了更大的P300-400成分、P400-600成分、P600-800成分。表明有效提示谜比无效提示谜对靶字谜问题的解决有更大促进作用。 Insight or creative problem solving involves four stages—preparation,incubation,illumination（insight）,certification according to wallas（1926）.When one puts an unsolved problem aside for a period of time,having failed in the initial attempt to solve it, a flash of insight may pop into his mind.This temporary shift is termed an incubation period.The neural mechanism of incubation is not clear.In this study,the Chinese logographs were used as materials,the insight four stages of Wallas（1926） were simulated and we manipulated two conditions（helpful hint and unhelpful hint） during incubation and combined the behavioral data with recordings of event - related potentials（ERP） that provided on-line measurements of neural processing with high temporal resolution to explore the difference between the two conditions. Fourteen volunteers from universities took part in the experiment.They went through four stages：firstly they tried to solve the logograph during the preparation period;if they guessed the answer,they would direcdy go into the certification period,or else they had to go into the incubation period to understand another logograph（some as helpful hints or unhelpful hints ）;after that they continued to guess the logograph they did not solve for the first time and they may came into illumination（insight）;lastly they went into the certification period.Their.brain electrical activity was recorded from 32 scalp sites with tin electrodes mounted in an elastic cap（Brain Product）; signals were averaged offline for 1000 ms with an additional 200 ms recorded prior to the stimuli onset to allow for baseline correction （three participants were excluded from analysis due to the bad data）.The ERPs were averaged for helpful and unhelpful trials respectively, The following 7 electrode points were chosen for two - way repeated measured analyses of variance.The ANOVA factors were of a hint type（helpful;unhelpful hint） and the electrode site（3 sites for anterior;Fp1,F3,Fz;4 sites for post

关 键 词： 酝酿期 有效提示 无效提示

领　　域： [哲学宗教] [哲学宗教] [文化科学] [文化科学]