作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 广东医学院人文与管理学院

出　　处： 《应用心理学》 2011年第4期331-338,353,共9页

摘　　要： 采用同时和继时实验任务,探讨语言表征在颜色类别知觉中的作用。实验一刺激同时呈现,被试表现出类别知觉效应,但效应不受语言干扰影响。实验二刺激间隔呈现,被试表现出类别知觉效应,效应在语言干扰时消失。实验三采用继时任务,没有语言干扰,在刺激呈现间隔(SOA)小于300ms时效应不显著,大于等于300ms时效应显著。研究提示类别知觉效应的机制取决于任务要求和被试无意识的认知策略。在同时任务中效应来自知觉过程本身,在继时任务中效应来自语言编码。继时任务中效应量随SOA变化,说明语言表征由上至下地影响知觉加工,类别知觉是一个动态过程。 To investigate the role of language representation in color categorical perception （ CP ） , stimuli were presented simultaneously or sequentially. In experiment 1, stimuli were presented simultaneously. There was a CP effect, where verbal interference did not alter the CP effect. In experiment 2, the first stimulus was displayed for 0,150, 300, 450, or 600 ms before the second stimulus appeared. CP effect occurred when SOA was longer than 300ms; however, there was no CP effect when SOA was shorter than 300ms. In experiment 3, verbal interference removed CP effect when SOA was 300ms. Thus, it can be concluded that the mechanism ofcolor CP depends on cognitive strategy and task re- quirement. When stimuli are presented simultaneously, CP comes from warping of perceptual colour space. When stimuli are presented sequentially, CP may occur due to the direct influence of category knowledge on perception, rather than by a post-per- ceptual decision bias. The low-level visual representations are under a constant influence of higher-level representations, and this influence leads to a dynamic CP.

关 键 词： 颜色 类别知觉 语言干扰 语言表征

领　　域： [哲学宗教] [哲学宗教]