作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 华南植物研究所

出　　处： 《作物学报》 2000年第1期71-76,共6页

摘　　要： 以常规水稻品种特青为材料，对谷壳在水稻结实过程中的作用和某些生理变化进行了探讨。 结果表明，在水稻结实过程中，谷壳中叶绿素含量随着谷粒充实程度的提高而不断增加，在谷壳内空 间被充满９０％左右时达到最大值，然后下降；谷亮光合作用强度的变化趋势与叶绿素含量的变化趋势 一致，整穗谷壳的最大叶绿素含量和光合作用强度分别约为旗叶最大叶绿素含量和光合强度的２５％和 ２０％。谷壳与旗叶相同叶绿素浓度提取液的光吸收光谱特性不同，在短波区谷壳叶绿素提取液的光吸 收明显比旗叶叶绿素的高；在抽穗后，谷壳的重量会有所增加，但穗下部谷壳的重量始终比穗上部的 轻；相关分析表明，谷壳的重量与最终粒重呈极显著正相关关系。在开花授粉完毕后，套不透明袋能 明显降低谷粒的千粒重和实粒率，在去旗叶和倒３叶后再套不透明袋则降低得更多，但套透明袋时影 响较小。以上结果表明，水稻在结实过程中，谷粒充实所需的物质至少有相当一部分来自于谷壳的光 合作用，并且谷壳发育的好坏亦能直接影响谷粒的充实。 Conventional rice variety Teqing was employed for studying the physiological changes and the hull role to grain-filling at grain formation stage. The results indicated that: (1) The Ch1 content in hulls increased until 90% space in hull was occapied by ovary, subsequently decreased, the change tendency of the photosynthesis rate of hull was the same. The highest Chl content and the highest photosynthesis rate of hull of a whole panicle were about 25 % and 20% of those of flag leaf. (2) The absorption spectra of Chl was different between flag leaf and hull, the absorbance of the medium that contain Chl of hull was more strong than that of flag leaf in zone of short wavelength when the Chl concentration of medium was the same. (3) The weight of the hull increased gradually after heading, the weight of the hull in the upper part of the panicle is higher than in the lower part of the panicle. It was shown that there was a positive correlation between the hull weight and the last grain weight. (4) The grain weight and plump grain rate decreaed when the panicle was bagged with non-transparent bag, especially was bagged after clipping flag and 3 rd leaves after flowering, but the effect on grain weight and plump grain rate was less when bagged with transparent bag than with non-transparent bag. The above results suggest that the photosynthesis of the hull may contribute to grain filling and the development state of the hull may directly affect grain filling.

关 键 词： 水稻 谷壳 光合作用 叶绿素 结实 生理

领　　域： [农业科学]