作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 广东海洋大学

出　　处： 《生态学报》 2012年第5期1527-1537,共11页

摘　　要： 2008年2月至11月对广东省流沙湾海草床海域的浮游植物进行了周年的季节调查,结果共检出浮游植物151种:冬季57种、春季66种、夏季73种、秋季66种,其中硅藻门44属123种,占浮游植物种类数的81.4%;甲藻门11属26种,占浮游植物种类数的17.2%;绿藻门和蓝藻门各1属1种,各占浮游植物种类数的0.7%。优势种共有26种,主要为夜光藻Noctiluca scintillans、威氏角毛藻Chaetoceros weissflogii、圆海链藻Thalassiosira rotula、菱形海线藻Thalassionema nitzschioides等,都是链状群体或个体较细长或较大的种类,没有个体较短小的优势种群;各季节间共有种类数在22—43种,Jaccard种类相似性指数范围在0.211—0.448,多样性指数和均匀度平均值分别为2.12和0.35,群落结构较脆弱;细胞丰度在0.24×104—5.72×104个/L,秋季最高,夏季次之,冬季最低,属季节单峰型变化,与一般亚热带春、秋季出现丰度高峰不一致。相关性分析发现,浮游植物丰度与活性硅酸盐呈极显著的正相关,与盐度呈显著的负相关,与其他因子不存在明显的相关性;叶绿素a浓度与水温呈极显著的负相关,与浮游动物丰度呈显著的负相关。从浮游植物吸收N、P的配比分析,N为四季的营养限制因子,但从N、P的绝对值看,N和P都是全年的营养限制因子,因此其水质营养类型属于亚热带贫营养型。 understanding of the effects of gradual changes in the environment and of the state of health of an ecosystem. Liusha Bay is famous for the production of seawater cultured pearls and as the southern pearl centre of China. It is also the biggest marine macroalgae resource area in China, with abundant marine macroalgae located to the southwest of Leizhou Peninsula Guangdong （20.36°-20.50°N, 109.80°-110.02°E） covering an area of 69 km2. With the development of industry, agriculture and Marine aquaculture in recent years, the bay ecosystem and environment has deteriorated. Cultured pearl production has declined each year and macroalgal abundance has also declined. To examine trends in seasonal variation and the environmental quality of the macroalgal area of Liusha Bay, investigations of phytoplankton community structure and of the factors likely to influence this were carried out from February to November in 2008. Phytoplankton samples were collected using a water sampler and fixed with 5% formalin and 1% Lugol＇s solution. In a subsequent analysis, species were identified with a microscope after concentration of samples in the laboratory. Temperature and salinity were tested at the time of sample collection and chlorophyll-a content and nutrient composition were determined using spectrophotometry. In total, 151 species of phytoplankton were identified, with 57, 66, 73, and 66 found in winter, spring, summer and autumn, respectively. Within the samples, 123 species from 44 genera belonged to Bacillariophyta, accounting for 81.4% of the community, 26 species 11 genera belonged to Pyrrophyta, accounting for 17.2% of the community. One species from one genus belonged to Chlorophyta and one species from one genus belonged to Cyanophyta, each accounting for 0.7% of the community respectively. 26 dominant species were identified of which the most common were Noctiluca scintillans, Chaetoceros weissflogii, Thalassiosira rotula, and Thalassionema nitzschioides. Dominant species formed catenarian colonies, acero

关 键 词： 浮游植物 群落结构 多样性 时空分布 海草床 流沙湾

领　　域： [生物学] [生物学]