作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 青岛农业大学资源与环境学院

出　　处： 《水土保持学报》 2011年第6期31-33,39,共4页

摘　　要： 在崂山水库流域非点源污染发生区,于2009年7-8月5次天然降水条件下,选择林地、果园、耕地、村庄4种典型的土地利用类型进行降雨、径流水质同步监测,分析不同土地利用类型地表径流中氮磷的流失情况。结果表明,村庄径流中铵态氮、溶解总磷的质量浓度高于其他地块的,最高值分别达4.51,1.337mg/L,耕地径流中硝态氮浓度最高,可达15.52mg/L。基于SCS模型估算不同土地利用类型的氮磷年径流负荷和年径流流失量,总体来看,硝态氮的输出负荷明显高于铵态氮和溶解总磷的,耕地中硝态氮径流负荷最大,可达40.61kg/(hm2.a),耕地中化肥的大量施用是硝态氮流失负荷高的主要原因。 Phosphorous and nitrogen losses characteristic in the runoffs in watersheds of Laoshan reservoir were studied based on runoff observations on four types of non-point pollution generating areas, i.e. forest land, orchard, cultivated land, and village. Synchronous monitoring of rainfall and water quality in the run- offs were performed during a rainy season in 2009. The results showed that the concentration of NH4^＋ -N and dissolved total phosphorus in runoffs was much larger from village than those from other types, and it reached to about 4.51, 1. 337 mg/L, respectively. The concentration of NO3^--N in cultivated land runoffs was much higher than those of other types and it reached to 15.52 mg/L. Using the model of soil conserva- tion service （SCS）, runoffs loads and losses amounts of four areas were calculated. The results showed that the export load of NO3^--N was significantly higher than that of NH^4＋ -N and dissolved total phosphorus. NO3^--N runoffs load in cultivated land was much higher than that in other types, and the maximum value was reach up to 40.61 kg/（hm^2 · a）. The excessive use of chemical fertilizers in cultivated land was the main reason of high losses load of NO3^--N.

关 键 词： 非点源污染 土地利用类型 径流 氮磷流失

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学] [环境科学与工程]