作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 华南农业大学资源环境学院红火蚁研究中心

出　　处： 《环境昆虫学报》 2011年第4期466-470,共5页

摘　　要： 本文研究了香蕉园红火蚁Solenopsis invicta Buren的年发生动态、日发生动态、红火蚁活动蚁巢数量的变化规律、蚁巢体积的变化以及蚁群结构的季节性变化。结果表明香蕉园内红火蚁工蚁觅食数量全年的波动较大,5月和10月是红火蚁活动的两个高峰期,5月觅食活动最盛,1月觅食活动最弱。红火蚁在一天之中随温度的升高,觅食活动增强,但温度太高,会抑制其出巢觅食。春秋季节9:00～11:00和13:00～15:00、冬季13:00～15:00及夏季7:00～9:00和17:00～19:00时段较适宜其觅食。3月至6月份,蚁巢数量迅速增长,到6月份达全年的最大值,蚁巢体积也增长迅速,到9月份达全年最大值。对蚁群结构的季节性动态研究表明,春秋季节蚁群数量较大,冬季蚁群数量明显减少。红火蚁蚁群中以小型工蚁、工蚁幼虫和工蚁蛹所占比例较大,其它品级所占比例较小。 The annual and daily foraging dynamics, the variation of numbers and volume of active mounds and the colony composition in banana plantations were studied in this paper. The results indica- ted that the numbers of foraging ants in bananas fluctuated significantly all the year round, and May and October were the peak periods of its activity. In one day, the foraging of the red imported fire ants in- creased with the temperature increased. But once the temperature was too high, foraging out of mounds would be inhibited. The suitable periods for foraging were 9：00 - 11： 00am and 13：00 - 15： 00pm in Spring and Autumn, 13：00 - 15： 00pro in Winter, 7：00 -9： 00am and 17：00 - 19： 00pm in Summer. From March to June, the amount of mounds increased rapidly, and reached to the maximum yearly in June. The volume of mounds got to the maximum in September. The colony quantity was greater in Spring and Autumn, while obviously reduced in Winter. The small workers, worker larvae and worker pupae of red imported fire ant colony accounted for more percents than other casts.

关 键 词： 红火蚁 觅食动态 蚁巢 蚁群结构 香蕉园

领　　域： [生物学]