作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 南开大学环境科学与工程学院环境污染过程与基准教育部重点实验室

出　　处： 《农业环境科学学报》 2012年第2期416-421,共6页

摘　　要： 以猪粪为原料,在不同温度下制备生物炭,并对其进行除灰处理,研究了不同处理温度和灰分含量的生物炭与西维因的相互作用。猪粪制备的生物炭含有无机矿物、不定型有机质和结晶态芳香碳,且随处理温度升高,灰分含量增加,BET比表面积增加。生物炭对西维因的吸附表现为非线性,等温线符合Freundlich方程,且随生物炭制备温度的升高,非线性增强。生物炭除灰后,吸附作用大大增强,表明有机碳与无机成分复合造成其一部分吸附点位的损失。生物炭对西维因的吸附由亲脂性分配与特殊作用力构成,随着生物炭不同以及西维因浓度的变化,吸附机制发生变化。生物炭可提高溶液pH,pH随生物炭添加量和处理温度而升高,生物炭含有的矿物对西维因水解具有催化作用,其水解速率及程度与生物炭灰分含量呈正相关。 Biochars are residue elemental carbonaceous products of incomplete combustion of biomass. Due to their huge surface area and active composition, biochars exert great impacts on the transfer and fate of exotic chemicals. Till now, majority of research has been concen- trated on biochars with plant origin, and seldom studies used biochars derived from animal wastes that usually contain more mineral. In the present study, biochars were prepared from pig manure under different temperatures, and ash was removed from biochars to make a compari- son. The interactions between biochar samples and carbaryl were studied. Biochars are composed of mineral, amorphous carbon and aromatic carbon crystallites. Ash content and BET surface area increased with biochar generation temperature. Adsorption of carbaryl on biochars was nonlinear and adsorption curve was fitted to Freundlich model. The nonlinearity of sorption isotherm increased with biochar generation tem- perature. The sorption increased after mineral was removed from biochars, indicating that some sorption sites of organic carbon was lost in their complex with inorganic minerals. Both the lipophilic partition and specific interactions were involved in carbaryl sorption on biochars, and the dominant process changed with biochars and carbaryl concentrations. The pH value of aqueous phase was enhanced after the addition of biochars, increasing with biochar amount and treatment temperature. The mineral in biochars could catalyze the hydrolysis of earbaryl, and the rate and extent of carbaryl hydrolysis correlated positively with the ash content of biochars.

关 键 词： 生物炭 猪粪 西维因 吸附 催化水解

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]