作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 华南师范大学教育科学学院心理应用研究中心

出　　处： 《心理学报》 2012年第1期40-50,共11页

摘　　要： 通过2个实验,考察了感觉通道对盲人的时间水平方向隐喻的影响。实验1发现,盲人只在动作水平上存在同阅读方向一致的时间水平方向隐喻,对表征过去的词或句子按左键反应和对表征将来的词或句子按右键反应时更快,表明盲人用于隐喻时间的空间信息是知觉性的。实验2比较了明眼人可视组被试和明眼人遮眼组被试的时间空间隐喻,发现明眼人可视组被试只在动作水平上存在时间水平方向隐喻,明眼人遮眼组被试只在刺激在右侧时呈现才出现动作水平的时间水平方向隐喻。综合分析表明,盲人和明眼人可视组被试的反应更为接近,表明盲人的时间空间隐喻未受听觉信息的影响。盲人通过运动通道获得的空间认知代偿了视觉通道信息的缺失。 The conceptualization of the abstract concept -- ＂time＂ need to be grounded on a more concrete conceptual domain -- ＂space＂. It has been demonstrated that this ＂left-past, right-future＂ representation of time is psychologically real, and the experience responsible for the representation of time is related to the exposure of participants to a left-to-right orthographic system. That is to say, the reading/writing directionality affects the representation of temporal sequences. There are two theories which try to explain this finding： the perceptual symbol theory and the propositional symbol theory. Perceptual symbol theory assures that the left-right mapping of time is perceptual, while propositional symbol theory assures that this mapping is linked to the abstract, amodal concept of time. The most substantial difference between these two theories is whether a perceptual facilitation effect with temporal words focuses on a specific modality. The present study aimed to test whether it could be accessed through auditory modalities. Experiment 1 explored the modality specificity of horizontal metaphoric representation of time by the blind people who carried out a time nature judgement task on auditorily presented words referring either to the past or the future. A 2x2x2 repeated measure design was adopted with independent variables of temporal reference （past / future）, target location （left / right） and response location （left / right）.The results showed horizontal metaphoric representation of time only was observed at the motoric level of the blind people. The blind people were faster responding to past words or sentences with their left hands and to future words or sentences with their right hands. These results indicated that spatial information which was used to represent time was perceptual. Contrary to the reading directionality of the blind people, the writing directionality of the blind people is right-to-left. The results showed that the directionality of metaphoric representation

关 键 词： 盲人 时间水平方向隐喻 通道特异性 知觉符号理论

领　　域： [哲学宗教] [哲学宗教]