作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ; (关美玲）;

机构地区： 广东省农业科学院

出　　处： 《中国农学通报》 2011年第28期295-300,共6页

摘　　要： 为今后开发新型客家茶产品、恢复和发展梅州客家历史名茶奠定良好的资源和数据基础,对梅州清凉山茶和锅叾茶2个系列的13个客家茶树新品系的生物学性状进行系统调查,并对各品系春、夏、秋茶主要生化成分含量的变化进行初步研究。结果表明,清凉山茶系列属灌木型小叶种,发芽密度大,芽头数高达1719～2862个/m2,百芽重8.4～15.2g;锅叾茶系列为乔木或小乔木型中小叶种,发芽密度比清凉山系列小,芽头数450～774个/m2,但芽叶较大,百芽重25.0～43.8g。13个客家茶品系内含物都很丰富,水浸出物含量、茶多酚含量和儿茶素含量变化趋势较一致,为夏茶>春茶、秋茶,而游离氨基酸含量春茶显著高于夏茶和秋茶,可溶性糖和咖啡碱含量在三季间的变幅均较小;2个茶系列间的可溶性糖和游离氨基酸含量差异不大,锅叾茶的水浸出物、茶多酚、儿茶素、咖啡碱含量和酚氨比普遍比清凉山茶高。 In order to lay the germplasm resources and data groundwork for developing new Hakka tea product and resuming historically famous tea from Hakka areal in a future time,biological character and main biochemical composition in spring,summer and autumn were investigated and analyzed systematically among 13 new Hakka tea strains selected from tea populations in Qingliangshan and Guoduo of Meizhou.The results indicated that Qingliangshan tea series were shrubs with small leaves,had high germinating densities ranged from 1719 to 2862 buds/m 2,and weighted ranged from 8.4 to 15.2 g per 100 buds;Guodu tea series were trees or small trees with middle and small leaves,had smaller germinating densities ranged from 450 to 774 buds/m 2,and weighted ranged from 25.0 to 43.8 g per 100 buds.All of the 13 strains were rich in contained substances.The contents of tea polyphenols,catechin and water soluble matters in summer were the highest,and free amino acids were more in spring than in summer and autumn significantly.Both caffeine and soluble sugar contents altered little in three seasons.There was little variation in free amino acids and soluble sugar contents between the two series tea plants.But the contents of tea polyphenols,catechin,water soluble matters and caffeine were all higher in Qingliangshan tea than in Guoduo tea,as the same as the ratio of tea polyphenols to free amino acids.

关 键 词： 客家茶 品系 生物学性状 生化组分

领　　域： [生物学]