作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院轨道车辆结构可靠性与运用检测技术教育部工程研究中心

出　　处： 《铁道学报》 2011年第11期28-33,共6页

摘　　要： 随着轨道车辆运行速度的提高、车辆载荷的增加及其焊接结构形式的复杂化,车辆的承载状况变得十分复杂。热点应力方法作为一种结构疲劳强度评定方法,其计算结果更接近于焊件实际应力,但尚未在轨道车辆结构疲劳评定中广泛应用。本文以热点应力方法为理论基础,分析、比较不同有限元模型与外推公式对热点应力计算结果的影响,计算不同载荷形式下的热点应力集中系数。论文提出热点应力特征量的概念,用于描述焊缝尺寸、母板厚度、角接角度、腹板厚度等焊件细节对热点应力集中系数的影响;计算、比较机车转向架构架焊接减振器座的名义应力和热点应力。 Along with raising of train speeds,increasing of car loads and complicating of welded structures,the car-load-bearing conditions are becoming more and more complex.As a kind of structure fatigue strength evaluation method,the hot spot stress（HSS） method can get good calculation results that are more closer to real stresses of weldments though the method hasn＇t been widely applied in the fatigue strength evaluation of railway cars.In this paper,the hot spot stresses are calculated with different finite element models and extrapolating methods are analyzed on the basis of the HSS computing method;the finite element modelling and extrapolating mathod for calculating HSS are determined;the hot spot stress concentration factors corresponding to different loading modes are got;the concept of the hot spot stress characteristic quantity is put forward,which is used to describe the influence of the size of the welding joint,parent plate thickness,web plate thickness and fillet welding angle,etc.on the hot spot stress concentration factors;the nominal stress and hot spot stress are calculated and compared for the welded shock absorber bearing of a locomotive bogie frame.

关 键 词： 铁道车辆 热点应力 焊接结构 疲劳强度评定 有限元分析

领　　域： [机械工程] [交通运输工程] [交通运输工程]