作　　者： ; ; ; ; (崔亚胜）; (王天泰）;

机构地区： 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院

出　　处： 《植物营养与肥料学报》 2011年第6期1335-1341,共7页

摘　　要： 以在陕西关中地区户县、周至两县连续2年的20余个"3414"肥料田间试验为研究对象,研究了不同施氮量下冬小麦收获后土壤2 m剖面硝态氮的分布、累积及其与土壤氮素表观盈亏量间的关系。结果表明:随着氮肥用量的提高,土壤剖面硝态氮累积量明显增加,其向土壤下层淋溶的程度也越严重;当施氮量为180～240 kg/hm2时,一些试验点的土壤氮素已经表现出盈余;当施氮量达到270～360 kg/hm2,所有试验点土壤氮素均明显盈余。不同施氮量时土壤表观氮素平衡值(施氮量与氮素携出量的差值)与土壤0—2 m剖面硝态氮累积量之间呈极显著正相关,说明土壤表观氮素平衡和盈亏决定了土壤剖面硝酸盐的累积状况;土壤氮素表观盈余值每增加100kg/hm2,0—2 m土壤剖面硝态氮累积量增加约62.5 kg/hm2。 More than 20 field experiments designed with the ＂3414＂ plan were carried out in Huxian County and Zhouzhi County,Guanzhong Plain,Shaanxi during 2008 and 2009 to evaluate the nitrate nitrogen（NO3-N） accumulation in soil profiles after harvesting winter wheat;and its relationship with the apparent N budget in soil was also studied.The results show that the amounts of NO3-N accumulation in the soil profiles and their extents to leach into the deeper soil layers are increased significantly as the nitrogen fertilizer usage increased.When the N fertilizer rate reaches to 180-240 kg/ha,positive budget of nitrogen in soil is observed in some experiment sites,and when N fertilizer rate reaches to the 270-360 kg/ha,positive budget of nitrogen in soil is observed in all experiment sites.There is a positive correlation between the apparent balances of soil N and the accumulation of NO3-N in soil profiles（0-2 m）.This indicates the amount of NO3-N in the soil profile is mainly determined by the apparent N budget balances in soil.The NO3-N accumulation in the soil profile is increased about 62.5 kg/ha with each 100 kg/ha increase of apparent N budget in soil.

关 键 词： 冬小麦 施氮量 土壤硝态氮 氮素表观盈亏

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]