作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 华南农业大学

出　　处： 《华中农业大学学报》 2011年第6期701-706,共6页

摘　　要： 在实验室条件下观察了花生黑腐病菌(Cylindrocladium parasiticum)的菌丝生长和产孢等生物学特性。结果表明:花生黑腐病菌在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂(PDA)、V-8汁(V8)、酵母蛋白胨葡萄糖(YPDA)、燕麦琼脂(OMA)和合成真菌(SF)等培养基上均能生长,其中以燕麦琼脂培养基最适宜菌丝生长,而V8汁培养基(V8)比较适宜微小菌核形成、分生孢子产生和子囊壳的形成;花生黑腐病菌能够利用葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、乳糖和淀粉等碳源进行生长,其中葡萄糖、乳糖和淀粉最适宜菌丝生长和微小菌核形成,但这些碳源均不适宜分生孢子和子囊壳的产生;花生黑腐病菌能够利用硝酸钠、尿素、硫酸铵、酵母粉和蛋白胨等氮源,其中硝酸钠最适宜菌丝生长和微小菌核形成,尿素最适宜分生孢子的形成,而子囊壳则仅仅在以硝酸钠为氮源的培养基中少量产生;花生黑腐病菌在10～30℃温度范围内均能生长,但菌丝生长和产孢都以25～30℃最适宜;光照时间对花生黑腐病菌的菌丝生长没有影响,但光暗交替有利于分生孢子的形成;花生黑腐病菌在pH值4.0～10.0时均能生长,但以中性偏酸比较适宜。 Cylindrocladium parasiticum was a very important invasive alien species in China.The biological characteristics,such as mycelial growth and sporulation,etc.of C.parasiticum were observed.The results showed that C.parasiticum could grow in different media,such as Potato Dextrose Agar（PDA）,V8 juice（V8）,Yeast Peptone Dextrose Agar（YPDA）,Oatmeal Agar（OMA）,and Synthetic Fungal（SF）.Among them,OMA was most suitable for mycelial growth,whereas V8 was most suitable for microsclerotium,conidium,and perithecium formation.C.parasiticum could utilize carbon sources,such as dextrose,fructose,sucrose,maltose,lactose,and starch for growth.Among them,dextrose,lactose and starch were most suitable for mycelial growth and microsclerotium formation.However,all of the above carbon sources were unsuitable for conidium and perithecium formation.In the case of nitrogen sources,C.parasiticum could utilize sodium nitrate,urea,ammonium sulphate,yeast,and peptone for growth.Among them,sodium nitrate was most suitable for mycelial growth and microslerotium formation,whereas,urea was most suitable for conidium formation.However,perithecium was sparsely formed only in sodium nitrate.C.parasiticum could grow under temperature condition between 10-30 ℃.The optimum temperature for both of growth and conidia sporulation was between 25-30 ℃.Although the mycelial growth of C.parasiticum was not impacted by period the light,but a12 hours alternation of light and dark was suitable for conidia sporulation.C.parasiticum could grow between pH values of 4.0-10.0.But the favorable pH value for mycelial growth was neutral to partial acid.

关 键 词： 花生 花生黑腐病菌 菌丝 分生孢子 生物学特性

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]