作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 贵州大学农学院贵州省山地农业病虫害综合防治重点实验室

出　　处： 《生态学报》 2011年第19期5691-5701,共11页

摘　　要： 系统观测了B型烟粉虱在4个不同恒温条件下的发育历期,得出了卵、1龄、2龄、3龄、伪蛹和世代的发育起点温度分别为13.80、15.66、15.99、15.66、8.47、12.92℃,有效积温分别为99.29、51.84、30.42、33.83、97.40、331.55 d℃。在此基础上,通过结合收集的气象资料,利用ArcGis软件,预测了烟粉虱在我国早春发生与秋季消退时间分布。这些研究结果将为未来全球变化条件下烟粉虱的预测、预报和治理提供了重要参考。 Phloem-feeding insects are highly specialized in their mode of feeding and present a unique stress on plant fitness.Not only do these insects feed for prolonged periods of time on host photoassimilates,but also they pose a threat as vectors of plant viruses and deposit honeydew to encourag the growth of mold.There are approximately 1500 described species of whitefly（Homoptera： Aleyrodidae）,which are divided into two subfamilies： Aleyrodinae（of world-wide origin） and Aleyrodicinae（originating mostly in Central and South America）,with most species occurring in the warmer,tropical,and subtropical regions.Since the emergence of several polyphagous pest species,such as the spiraling whitefly,the greenhouse whitefly and the sweetpotato whitefly,whiteflies have received much attention.The wide whitefly-plant associations resulting from their extensive geographical and host plant ranges provide ample opportunities for complex interactions with organisms at all trophic levels.Bemisia tabaci（Gennadius） biotype B is an important pest which has erupted and caused severe worldwide damage the last 20 years.Whitefly（Homoptera： Aleyrodidae） comprise tiny phloem-sucking insects.The sessile development of their immature and their phloem-feeding habits（with minimal physical plant damage） often lead to plant-mediated interactions with other organisms.Whiteflies are phloem-feeders that excrete excess sugars as honeydew.The life cycle of whitefly comprises an egg,four nymphal instars,and winged adults.The eggs hatch into crawlers,which is the only mobile immature stage.Once settled,crawlers molt to sessile second instars with dysfunctional legs.Following two additional molts,the pharate adults develop within the cuticle of the fourth instars,emerging aswinged adults（1—2 mm） that live up to several weeks.The life cycle is mainly regulated by temperature（taking 2—3 weeks to several months to complete） but may include a long diapause.Ninety percent of B.tabaci adults emerged from their pupal case

关 键 词： 型烟粉虱 发育起点温度 有效积温 早春发生 消退 发生世代

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]