作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 清华大学人文社会科学学院心理学系

出　　处： 《重庆理工大学学报（社会科学）》 2011年第8期6-11,17,共7页

摘　　要： 学习是一种重要的认知活动,在认知科学背景下,对学习的理解和以往完全不同。学习作为一种认知过程,与语言、心理、逻辑密切相关。推理涉及逻辑的因素,也涉及心理学因素。研究推理特别是心理推理在学习与认知中的作用具有重要的意义。推理以两种方式与学习相关联:学习推理和推理学习。以沃森的选择任务实验、THOG推理实验、约翰逊.莱尔德等人的三段论心理实验为例,分析了推理中逻辑因素与心理因素,进而探索心理推理在学习和认知中的作用,最后得出一些有启发性意义的结论。 Learning is one of the most critical acts in human cognition.With the development of cognitive sciences,the understanding of learning is diverging from the past one.Learning as a kind of cognitive processing,it tightly relates to language,psychology and logic.Reasoning involves logic,and it also strongly relates to many psychological factors.There is a great need to study reasoning,especially reasoning with psychological factors in the cognitive processing of learning.There are two distinguish forms of reasoning in learning： Learning how to reason and improving learning through reasoning.Through the experimental study such as Wason selection task,THOG problem and syllogistic reasoning,it has been closely investigated that the logical and psychological factors interact and play a critical role in the processing of reasoning.Such studies provide us many inspirations in the reaching of learning.

关 键 词： 学习 认知 推理 逻辑 心理

领　　域： [哲学宗教]