作　　者： ;

机构地区： 暨南大学华文学院应用语言学系

出　　处： 《江汉大学学报（人文科学版）》 2011年第4期73-77,共5页

摘　　要： 语气副词"不免"由表示"不能避免"的动词词组语法化而来,大致可以分为四种语气类型。"不免1"始见于先秦,表示"免不了",与动词短语"不免"语义最为接近。"不免2"始见于魏晋,表示"只好"、"不得不",其语义比"不免1"更为虚化。"不免3"始见于唐宋,其VP与心理活动有关。"不免4"始见于宋元,重在强调事件发生的自然而然,带有关联的意味。这四种"不免"的先后产生体现了语法化的层层深入。 The modality adverb ＂bu mian＂ is from verb phrase ＂to be unavoidable＂,which can be further divided into four modality types.＂Bu mian1＂,used in early Qin period,means ＂be bound to be＂,which is closest to the verb phrase ＂to be unavoidable＂ in modality.＂Bu mian2＂,used in the Wei and Chin period,means ＂have to＂,which is emptier than ＂Bu mian1＂ in modality.＂Bu mian3＂,was used in Tang and Song periods,the verb phrase formed with which is related with psychological activity.＂Bu mian4＂,used in Song and Yuan periods,emphasizes the natural occurrence of an event with a sense of transition.The occurrence of the four types of ＂bu mian＂ one after the other shows the grammatical extension from shallowness to depth.

关 键 词： 语气副词 不免 语法化

领　　域： [语言文字]