作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 北京林业大学水土保持学院

出　　处： 《环境科学》 2011年第9期2676-2680,共5页

摘　　要： 为了研究道路灰尘铂族元素(PGEs)时间变化规律及其影响机制,以上海市为研究区,共采集季节样品24个、年际样品18个.用王水消解制样,ICP-MS测定.结果表明,灰尘PGEs春、夏、秋、冬含量分别为,Rh:10.40(6.06～17.28)ng/g、11.60(5.52～20.11)ng/g、32.91(18.53～61.05)ng/g、32.33(16.29～47.89)ng/g;Pd:52.99(27.48～100.2)ng/g、53.77(20.42～72.31)ng/g、125.50(75.41～247.8)ng/g、132.59(78.45～199.9)ng/g;Pt:13.58(7.96～30.97)ng/g、13.24(6.40～17.96)ng/g、48.20(25.07～122.9)ng/g、53.63(22.11～107.7)ng/g.PGEs含量均表现出春夏季低,秋冬季高的变化特征,降雨是PGEs季节变化主要的影响因素.2007年上海市道路灰尘PGEs含量远高于2003年,Rh、Pd、Pt年均增长率为11%～19%.2003、2007年Pt/Pd值、Pt/Rh值接近,2007年Pd/Rh值明显高于2003年,但均不同于Ely的研究结果,20世纪末汽车催化转化器(VECs)类型改变,Pt型VECs逐渐被富Pd型VECs取代是主要原因. In order to study temporal variation characteristics and influencing mechanism of platinum group elements（PGEs） in road dust,24 seasonal samples and 18 inter annual samples of road dust were collected from roads in Shanghai,and were analysed by ICP-MS following aqua regia digestion.The results are as following： average concentrations of PGEs in spring,summer,autumn,winter were 10.40（6.06-17.28） ng/g,11.60（5.52-20.11） ng/g,32.91（18.53-61.05） ng/g,32.33（16.29-47.89） ng/g with Rh,52.99（27.48-100.2） ng/g,53.77（20.42-72.31） ng/g,125.50（75.41-247.8） ng/g,132.59（78.45-199.9） ng/g with Pd,13.58（7.96-30.97） ng/g,13.24（6.40-17.96） ng/g,48.20（25.07-122.9） ng/g,53.63（22.11-107.7） ng/g with Pt.PGEs concentrations had obvious seasonal change that were lower in spring and summer,higher in autumn and winter,and rainfall were main effect factors.The comparison of levels of PGEs between 2003 and 2007 showed that PGEs concentrations in road dust had increased over the period of 4 years with 11%-19% of average annual growth rate because of the rapid increase in the number of vehicles in Shanghai.Meanwhile,the average PGEs ratios of road dust samples from Shanghai were inconsistent with Ely＇s result.These differences were contributed by the change of VECs type.

关 键 词： 道路灰尘 铂族元素 时间变化 影响因素 降雨

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]