作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业局林木培育重点实验室

出　　处： 《林业科学研究》 2011年第4期428-436,共9页

摘　　要： 在西藏地区11个有代表性的林芝云杉天然群体内分别随机抽取15 30个个体为试材,测量了针叶与种实共9个表型性状,采用统计分析方法研究了在群体内和群体间的变异和分化趋势。结果显示:林芝云杉9个表型性状在群体内和群体间的差异显著。群体间表型分化系数均值为29.55%,与云杉属其他树种相比处于中等水平;群体内的方差分量占70.45%,说明群体内的变异是林芝云杉变异的主要来源。计算群体内的变异系数发现:针叶、球果、种鳞的3个性状变异系数在种级水平上的均值分别为20.39%、15.65%、10.79%,针叶的变异程度最大;11个天然群体的9个表型性状变异系数均值为:11.80%19.80%,在郎县的金东沟群体中最大,表明内部遗传多样性最丰富。9个表型性状与地理和气候因子进行相关分析,结果显示:在空间分布上,球果直径和针叶长度呈现由西向东逐渐变大和变长的地理变异趋势;在气候方面,球果直径、针叶长度和针叶形状随年均气温的升高逐渐变粗、变长和变得细长的趋势。最后对9个性状均值进行聚类分析的结果表明:西藏11个林芝云杉天然群体可以划分为4类。 Based on field investigations and analysis of whole natural distribution of Picea linzhinensis,three cone characters,three needle traits and three seed wing characters of 15-30 trees from each of 11 populations in Tibet were selected and measured,in order to make clear population genetic differentiation within the species by statistical analysis.The results showed that it was significantly different in genetic variation among populations and among individuals within populations.The mean phenotypic differentiation among populations（VST） was 29.55%,that was at middle level in spruce species.The variation within populations was the main part of phenotypic variation,which stood 70.45%.The special variation of phenotypic traits within populations was studied by variation coefficient（CV）,it showed that the mean CV of three variation indications of needle,cone,and seed wing at species level were 20.39%,15.65%,and 10.79% respectively,and the variation indication of needle was the highest.By studying Mean CV of 9 phenotypic traits in 11 natural populations,the CV in Jindonggou of Langxian County was the highest,where has the most abundant diversity.Furthermore,The correlations between nine phenotypic traits and location factors and climate factors was analyzed,the results showed that in geographical distribution,the needle length and cone diameter became longer and wider from west to east;and in the influence of climate,the crown diameter,needle length,and needle shape became wider,longer and the more stretched-out with annual mean temperature rising.The 11 populations of P.linzhinensis investigated could be divided into four groups according to the cluster analysis.

关 键 词： 林芝云杉 天然群体 表型性状 地理变异

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]