作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 江苏省农业科学院

出　　处： 《核农学报》 2011年第4期633-638,共6页

摘　　要： 利用千粒重和每穗粒数有一定差异的7个冬小麦品种为亲本,按Griffing双列杂交法Ⅱ配制21个杂交组合,研究了小麦2个产量构成因素——千粒重和每穗粒数的遗传。结果表明,扬麦11千粒重和宁麦9号每穗粒数的一般配合力最好,且宁麦9号具有控制每穗粒数较多的显性基因。千粒重的遗传符合加性-显性-上位性模型。每穗粒数的遗传符合加性-显性模型,以加性效应为主,显性程度为部分显性。控制每穗粒数的增效等位基因为显性,亲本中增减效等位基因频率分布不对称。每穗粒数的狭义遗传力较高,早代选择有效。还对小麦粒重和每穗粒数的遗传改良进行了探讨。 The genetic mechanism of thousand-grain weight（TGW） and number of kernels per spike（NKS） were studied by a 7×7 complete diallel crosses（Griffing＇s method II） using seven wheat parents with diverse TGW and NKS during 2009-2010 growing season.The results showed that Yangmai 11 and Ningmai 9 had the best general combining ability for TGW and NKS,respectively,and Ningmai 9 had more dominant genes controlling NKS.The inheritance of TGW fit for the additive-dominance-epistasis model,and the inheritance of NKS was in agreement with the additive-dominance model.The NKS was controlled by both additive and dominant genetic effects,and the additive effect was much more important than the dominant effect.The degree of dominance was partial dominance.The alleles increasing NKS were dominant,and the frequency distribution of alleles increasing or reducing NKS was asymmetrical among 7 parents.Narrow sense heritability of NKS was higher,indicating that selection of NKS in early generation was effective.The genetic improvement on TGW and NKS was also discussed in the paper.

关 键 词： 小麦 产量构成因素 双列杂交

领　　域： [农业科学]