作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业局林木培育重点实验室

出　　处： 《电子显微学报》 2011年第3期257-264,共8页

摘　　要： 通过扫描电镜观测了云杉属7个种的花粉形态,运用数据统计和图片分析的方法对花粉形态进行对比研究。结果显示:云杉属7个种的花粉大小变动范围为84.59～103.18μm,均属于两气囊松科花粉;花粉体近极面与气囊过渡明显,形成帽沿;气囊表面纹理较平滑,在种间变异不显著。萌发沟位于花粉体远极面两气囊之间,呈现沟痕的形式。根据聚类分析可以把7种云杉分成两组:丽江云杉组和云杉组;根据花粉体表面疣状颗粒的分布情况又可把云杉组划分成红皮云杉亚组、粗枝云杉亚组和欧洲云杉亚组。其进化演替规律是云杉组→丽江云杉组进化;云杉组三个亚组的进化关系为欧洲云杉亚组→粗枝云杉亚组→红皮云杉亚组进化。 Pollen grains from 7 spruce species were examined using the scanning electron microscope.Distinguishing characteristics of pollen morphology among the species were found using data Statistic and photograph observation.The mean value of pollen size in 7 spruce species is from 84.59 to 103.18 μm.According to morphological photography,two bladders distribute zygomorphic underside of corpus was found to being distinct edge of cap at near surface in corpus.The surface texture of bladder is smooth and there is not distinct variation among species.Germinal furrow forms clear striate between two bladders.According to clustering analysis,the 7 spruce species can be classified into two sections： Section.Castict and Section.Picea.Section.Picea can be classified into tree subsections based on the magnitude of grains in the corpus surface： P.koyamai subsection whose surface has compact grain distribution;P.asperata subsection whose surface has uncompact grain distribution;P.abies subsection whose surface has naught grain distribution.The evolutional order is from Section.Picea to Section.Castict.The evolutional order in tree subsections of the Section.Picea is P.abies subsection→P.asperata subsection →P.koyamai subsection.

关 键 词： 云杉属 花粉形态 扫面电镜 变异

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学] [生物学]