作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室

出　　处： 《农业环境科学学报》 2011年第7期1289-1294,共6页

摘　　要： 通过磁力搅拌和超声波乳化等手段模拟海上溢油事故,采用常见的4种原油和4种燃料油开展对贝类的毒害效应以及生态风险评价。结果表明:根据8种油品对褶牡蛎的96h-LC50得出这8种油对褶牡蛎的整体上毒害作用的大小顺序是:F120=F180>-20#>F380>TJ015>TJ014>TJ002>TJ016;根据8种油品对缢蛏的96h-LC50得出这8种油对褶牡缢蛏蛎的整体上毒害作用的大小顺序是:F180>F120>-20#>F380>TJ002>TJ015>TJ014>TJ016;根据8种油品对褶牡蛎的96h-LC50得出TJ016和TJ002对褶牡蛎属于低毒中风险,TJ015和TJ014对褶牡蛎属于低毒高风险,F380和-20#对褶牡蛎柴油属于中毒高风险,F180和F120对褶牡蛎属于高毒极高风险;根据8种油品对缢蛏的96h-LC50得出TJ016对缢蛏属于低毒中风险,TJ015、TJ014、TJ002和F380对缢蛏属于中毒高风险,-20#、F180和F120对缢蛏属于高毒极高风险。总之,对贝类而言,燃料油毒性比原油更大,缢蛏相对褶牡蛎对油品毒害作用更为敏感。 The toxicity of oils to aquatic organisms has been widely investigated, but the effects and ecological risk assessment on shellfish of various oils have been ignored. The integrated effects and ecological risk assessment of four crude oils and four fuel oils on two shellfishes were investigated by magnetic stirrer and ultrasonic emulsification to simulate oil spillage. According to 96-LC50 values, the toxicity of oils on Crassostrea plicatula was as follows：F180=F120-20#F380TJ015TJ014TJ002TJ016, TJ016 and TJ002 to Crassostrea plicatula belonged to low toxicity and medium risk, TJ015 and TJ014 to Crassostrea plicatula belonged to low toxicity and high risk, F380 and -20# to Crassostrea plicatula belonged to medium toxicity and high risk, F180 and F120 to Crassostrea plicatula belonged to high toxicity and very high risk; the toxicity of oils on Sinonovacula constricta was as follows：F180F120-20#F380TJ002TJ015TJ014TJ016, TJ016 to Sinonovacula constricta belonged to low toxicity and medium risk, TJ015, TJ014, TJ002 and F380 to Sinonovacula constricta belonged to medium toxicity and high risk, -20#, F180 and F120 to Sinonovacula constricta belonged to high toxicity and very high risk. In general, the fuel oils were more toxic than crude oils on these two shellfishes, and Sinonovacula constricta was more sensitive than Crassostrea plicatula stressed by oils.

关 键 词： 褶牡蛎 缢蛏 原油 燃料油 毒性分级 生态风险

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]