作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 中山大学人文科学学院哲学系

出　　处： 《逻辑学研究》 2011年第2期1-19,共19页

摘　　要： 在可能世界语义中,如果根据是否含有模态算子而将一个点上为真的公式分为两类,那么可以认为不含模态算子的公式描述的是当前点的信息,其它公式描述的是其它点的信息,以及当前点与其它点的关系。通过对不同点上命题真值指派的比较,我们可以在可能世界语义模型上定义出一种状态相似性。本文构造了三类刻画状态相似性的模型,并给出了分别刻画其中两类模型的完全的系统。本文最后讨论这些模型在时态逻辑和信念逻辑中的应用。 In virtue of possible world semantics,logicians have developed many formalisms which are used to describe or analyze the rules of important phenomenon in many research areas,such as philosophy,linguistic,cognitive science,computer science and so on.The basic structures of those formalisms are a series of transitions among states. Structural similarity is an important issue.In these semantics,a state（or node,possible world）which represents certain situation is described by propositions that are true at the state.On the other hand,formulas with modal operators describe the accessibility relation among these states. We argue that,there should be some kind of relationship between states that are connected by the accessibility relation.We discuss structural similarity in this paper in the sense that states connected by accessibility relations should be similar in a prescribed degree.For example,in temporal logic,events that happen in time should be in a manageable manner.Two adjacent time points should be similar,because no so much happened between them,and therefore no so much have been changed from one to the other.It means that for a description of situation at two different points,the more the points are close,the more they are similar. In this paper,similarity between two states is directly defined by numbers of propositions that share the same value at the two states.We define degrees of similarity in three kinds of models,and present two complete systems which character the first and the third kinds of models.We discuss the applications of these models in temporal logic and doxastic logic.

关 键 词： 状态相似 赋值 模型

领　　域： [哲学宗教]